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6.1.1
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< li class = "toctree-l1" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "cdist-why.html" > 1. Why should I use cdist?< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l1" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "cdist-features.html" > 2. Features< / a > < / li >
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< li class = "toctree-l1" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "cdist-upgrade.html" > 5. How to upgrade cdist< / a > < / li >
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< li class = "toctree-l1 current" > < a class = "current reference internal" href = "#" > 8. Dive into real world cdist< / a > < ul >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#introduction" > 8.1. Introduction< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#creating-type-layout" > 8.2. Creating type layout< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#creating-sample-bottle-hosting-type-parameters" > 8.3. Creating __sample_bottle_hosting type parameters< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#creating-sample-bottle-hosting-type-manifest" > 8.4. Creating __sample_bottle_hosting type manifest< / a > < ul >
< li class = "toctree-l3" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#creating-user-and-user-directories" > 8.4.1. Creating user and user directories< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l3" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#installing-packages" > 8.4.2. Installing packages< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l3" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#creating-postgresql-database" > 8.4.3. Creating PostgreSQL database< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l3" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#configuring-uwsgi" > 8.4.4. Configuring uWSGI< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l3" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#configuring-nginx-for-let-s-encrypt-and-https-redirection" > 8.4.5. Configuring nginx for Let's Encrypt and HTTPS redirection< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l3" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#configuring-certificate-creation" > 8.4.6. Configuring certificate creation< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l3" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#configuring-nginx-https-server-with-uwsgi-upstream" > 8.4.7. Configuring nginx HTTPS server with uWSGI upstream< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l3" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#complete-sample-bottle-hosting-type-manifest-listing" > 8.4.8. Complete __sample_bottle_hosting type manifest listing< / a > < / li >
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< / ul >
< / li >
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< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#creating-sample-bottle-hosting-type-gencode-remote" > 8.5. Creating __sample_bottle_hosting type gencode-remote< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#creating-sample-nginx-http-letsencrypt-and-ssl-redirect-type" > 8.6. Creating __sample_nginx_http_letsencrypt_and_ssl_redirect type< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#creating-init-manifest" > 8.7. Creating init manifest< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#configuring-host" > 8.8. Configuring host< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#creating-python-bottle-application" > 8.9. Creating python bottle application< / a > < ul >
< li class = "toctree-l3" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#preparing-database" > 8.9.1. Preparing database< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l3" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#creating-application" > 8.9.2. Creating application< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l3" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#openning-application" > 8.9.3. Openning application< / a > < / li >
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< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#what-s-next" > 8.10. What's next?< / a > < / li >
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< li class = "toctree-l1" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "man1/cdist.html" > 9. cdist(1)< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l1" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "man1/cdist-dump.html" > 10. cdist-dump(1)< / a > < / li >
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< li class = "toctree-l1" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "man1/cdist-new-type.html" > 11. cdist-new-type(1)< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l1" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "cdist-bootstrap.html" > 12. Bootstrap< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l1" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "cdist-configuration.html" > 13. Configuration< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l1" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "cdist-manifest.html" > 14. Manifest< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l1" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "cdist-type.html" > 15. cdist type< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l1" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "cdist-types.html" > 16. cdist types< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l1" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "cdist-explorer.html" > 17. Explorer< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l1" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "cdist-messaging.html" > 18. Messaging< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l1" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "cdist-parallelization.html" > 19. Parallelization< / a > < / li >
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< li class = "toctree-l1" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "cdist-trigger.html" > 21. Trigger< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l1" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "cdist-preos.html" > 22. PreOS< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l1" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "cdist-integration.html" > 23. cdist integration / using cdist as library< / a > < / li >
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< li class = "toctree-l1" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "cdist-best-practice.html" > 25. Best practice< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l1" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "cdist-stages.html" > 26. Execution stages< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l1" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "cdist-cache.html" > 27. Local cache overview< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l1" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "cdist-saving-output-streams.html" > 28. Saving output streams< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l1" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "cdist-remote-exec-copy.html" > 29. Remote exec and copy commands< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l1" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "cdist-hacker.html" > 30. Hacking< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l1" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "cdist-troubleshooting.html" > 31. Troubleshooting< / a > < / li >
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< li > 8. Dive into real world cdist< / li >
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< h1 > 8. Dive into real world cdist< a class = "headerlink" href = "#dive-into-real-world-cdist" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h1 >
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< div class = "section" id = "introduction" >
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< h2 > 8.1. Introduction< a class = "headerlink" href = "#introduction" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > This walkthrough shows real world cdist configuration example.< / p >
< p > Sample target host is named < strong > test.ungleich.ch< / strong > .
Just replace < strong > test.ungleich.ch< / strong > with your target hostname.< / p >
< p > Our goal is to configure python application hosting. For writing sample
application we will use < a class = "reference external" href = "http://bottlepy.org" > Bottle< / a > WSGI micro web-framework.
It will use PostgreSQL database and it will list items from < strong > items< / strong > table.
It will be served by uWSGI server. We will also use the Nginx web server
as a reverse proxy and we want HTTPS.
For HTTPS we will use Let's Encrypt certificate.< / p >
< p > For setting up hosting we want to use cdist so we will write a new type
for that. This type will:< / p >
< ul class = "simple" >
< li > install required packages< / li >
< li > create OS user, user home directory and application home directory< / li >
< li > create PostgreSQL database< / li >
< li > configure uWSGI< / li >
< li > configure Let's Encrypt certificate< / li >
< li > configure nginx.< / li >
< / ul >
< p > Our type will not create the actual python application. Its intention is only
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to configure hosting for specified user and project. It is up to the user to
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create his/her applications.< / p >
< p > So let's start.< / p >
< / div >
< div class = "section" id = "creating-type-layout" >
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< h2 > 8.2. Creating type layout< a class = "headerlink" href = "#creating-type-layout" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > We will create a new custom type. Let's call it < strong > __sample_bottle_hosting< / strong > .< / p >
< p > Go to < strong > ~/.cdist/type< / strong > directory (create it if it does not exist) and create
new type layout:< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-default" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < span class = "n" > cd< / span > < span class = "o" > ~/.< / span > < span class = "n" > cdist< / span > < span class = "o" > /< / span > < span class = "nb" > type< / span >
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< span class = "n" > mkdir< / span > < span class = "n" > __sample_bottle_hosting< / span >
< span class = "n" > cd< / span > < span class = "n" > __sample_bottle_hosting< / span >
< span class = "n" > touch< / span > < span class = "n" > manifest< / span > < span class = "n" > gencode< / span > < span class = "o" > -< / span > < span class = "n" > remote< / span >
< span class = "n" > mkdir< / span > < span class = "n" > parameter< / span >
< span class = "n" > touch< / span > < span class = "n" > parameter< / span > < span class = "o" > /< / span > < span class = "n" > required< / span >
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< div class = "section" id = "creating-sample-bottle-hosting-type-parameters" >
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< h2 > 8.3. Creating __sample_bottle_hosting type parameters< a class = "headerlink" href = "#creating-sample-bottle-hosting-type-parameters" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > Our type will be configurable through the means of parameters. Let's define
the following parameters:< / p >
< dl class = "docutils" >
< dt > projectname< / dt >
< dd > name for the project, needed for uWSGI ini file< / dd >
< dt > user< / dt >
< dd > user name< / dd >
< dt > domain< / dt >
< dd > target host domain, needed for Let's Encrypt certificate.< / dd >
< / dl >
< p > We define parameters to make our type reusable for different projects, user and domain.< / p >
< p > Define required parameters:< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-default" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < span class = "n" > printf< / span > < span class = "s2" > " projectname< / span > < span class = "se" > \n< / span > < span class = "s2" > " < / span > < span class = "o" > > > < / span > < span class = "n" > parameter< / span > < span class = "o" > /< / span > < span class = "n" > required< / span >
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< span class = "n" > printf< / span > < span class = "s2" > " user< / span > < span class = "se" > \n< / span > < span class = "s2" > " < / span > < span class = "o" > > > < / span > < span class = "n" > parameter< / span > < span class = "o" > /< / span > < span class = "n" > required< / span >
< span class = "n" > printf< / span > < span class = "s2" > " domain< / span > < span class = "se" > \n< / span > < span class = "s2" > " < / span > < span class = "o" > > > < / span > < span class = "n" > parameter< / span > < span class = "o" > /< / span > < span class = "n" > required< / span >
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< p > For details on type parameters see < a class = "reference external" href = "cdist-type.html#defining-parameters" > Defining parameters< / a > .< / p >
< / div >
< div class = "section" id = "creating-sample-bottle-hosting-type-manifest" >
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< h2 > 8.4. Creating __sample_bottle_hosting type manifest< a class = "headerlink" href = "#creating-sample-bottle-hosting-type-manifest" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > Next step is to define manifest (~/.cdist/type/__sample_bottle_hosting/manifest).
We also want our type to currently support only Devuan. So we will start by
checking target host OS. We will use < a class = "reference external" href = "cdist-reference.html#explorers" > os< / a >
global explorer:< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-default" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > os=$(cat " $__global/explorer/os" )
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case " $os" in
devuan)
:
;;
*)
echo " OS $os currently not supported" > & 2
exit 1
;;
esac
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< p > If target host OS is not Devuan then we print error message to stderr
and exit. For other OS-es support we should check and change package names
we should install, because packages differ in different OS-es and in different
OS distributions like GNU/Linux distributions. There can also be a different
configuration locations (e.g. nginx config directory could be in /usr/local tree).
If we detected unsupported OS we should error out. cdist will stop configuration
process and output error message.< / p >
< div class = "section" id = "creating-user-and-user-directories" >
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< h3 > 8.4.1. Creating user and user directories< a class = "headerlink" href = "#creating-user-and-user-directories" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h3 >
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< p > Then we create user and his/her home directory and application home directory.
We will use existing cdist types < a class = "reference external" href = "man7/cdist-type__user.html" > __user< / a > and < a class = "reference external" href = "man7/cdist-type__directory.html" > __directory< / a > :< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-default" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > user=" $(cat " $__object/parameter/user" )"
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home=" /home/$user"
apphome=" $home/app"
# create user
__user " $user" --home " $home" --shell /bin/bash
# create user home dir
require=" __user/$user" __directory " $home" \
--owner " $user" --group " $user" --mode 0755
# create app home dir
require=" __user/$user __directory/$home" __directory " $apphome" \
--state present --owner " $user" --group " $user" --mode 0755
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< p > First we define < em > user< / em > , < em > home< / em > and < em > apphome< / em > variables. User is defined by type's
< strong > user< / strong > parameter. Here we use < strong > require< / strong > which is cdist's way to define dependencies.
User home directory should be created < strong > after< / strong > user is created. And application
home directory is created < strong > after< / strong > both user and user home directory are created.
For details on < strong > require< / strong > see < a class = "reference external" href = "cdist-manifest.html#dependencies" > Dependencies< / a > .< / p >
< / div >
< div class = "section" id = "installing-packages" >
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< h3 > 8.4.2. Installing packages< a class = "headerlink" href = "#installing-packages" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h3 >
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< p > Install required packages using existing < a class = "reference external" href = "man7/cdist-type__package.html" > __package< / a > type.
Before installing package we want to update apt package index using
< a class = "reference external" href = "man7/cdist-type__apt_update_index.html" > __apt_update_index< / a > :< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-default" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > # define packages that need to be installed
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packages_to_install=" nginx uwsgi-plugin-python3 python3-dev python3-pip postgresql postgresql-contrib libpq-dev python3-venv uwsgi python3-psycopg2"
# update package index
__apt_update_index
# install packages
for package in $packages_to_install
do require=" __apt_update_index" __package $package --state=present
done
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< p > Here we use shell for loop. It executes < strong > require=" __apt_update_index" __package< / strong >
for each member in a list we define in < strong > packages_to_install< / strong > variable.
This is much nicer then having as many < strong > require=" __apt_update_index" __package< / strong >
lines as there are packages we want to install.< / p >
< p > For python packages we use < a class = "reference external" href = "man7/cdist-type__package_pip.html" > __package_pip< / a > :< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-default" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > # install pip3 packages
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for package in bottle bottle-pgsql; do
__package_pip --pip pip3 $package
done
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< div class = "section" id = "creating-postgresql-database" >
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< h3 > 8.4.3. Creating PostgreSQL database< a class = "headerlink" href = "#creating-postgresql-database" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h3 >
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< p > Create PostgreSQL database using < a class = "reference external" href = "man7/cdist-type__postgres_database.html" > __postgres_database< / a >
and < a class = "reference external" href = "man7/cdist-type__postgres_role.html" > __postgres_role< / a > for creating database user:< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-default" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > #PostgreSQL db & user
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postgres_server=postgresql
# create PostgreSQL db user
require=" __package/postgresql" __postgres_role $user --login --createdb
# create PostgreSQL db
require=" __postgres_role/$user __package/postgresql" __postgres_database $user \
--owner $user
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< div class = "section" id = "configuring-uwsgi" >
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< h3 > 8.4.4. Configuring uWSGI< a class = "headerlink" href = "#configuring-uwsgi" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h3 >
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< p > Configure uWSGI using < a class = "reference external" href = "man7/cdist-type__file.html" > __file< / a > type:< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-default" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > # configure uWSGI
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projectname=" $(cat " $__object/parameter/projectname" )"
require=" __package/uwsgi" __file /etc/uwsgi/apps-enabled/$user.ini \
--owner root --group root --mode 0644 \
--state present \
--source - < < EOF
[uwsgi]
socket = $apphome/uwsgi.sock
chdir = $apphome
wsgi-file = $projectname/wsgi.py
touch-reload = $projectname/wsgi.py
processes = 4
threads = 2
chmod-socket = 666
daemonize=true
vacuum = true
uid = $user
gid = $user
EOF
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< p > We require package uWSGI present in order to create < strong > /etc/uwsgi/apps-enabled/$user.ini< / strong > file.
Installation of uWSGI also creates configuration layout: < strong > /etc/uwsgi/apps-enabled< / strong > .
If this directory does not exist then < strong > __file< / strong > type would error.
We also use stdin as file content source. For details see < a class = "reference external" href = "cdist-type.html#input-from-stdin" > Input from stdin< / a > .
For feading stdin we use here-document (< strong > < < < / strong > operator). It allows redirection of subsequent
lines read by the shell to the input of a command until a line containing only the delimiter
and a newline, with no blank characters in between (EOF in our case).< / p >
< / div >
< div class = "section" id = "configuring-nginx-for-let-s-encrypt-and-https-redirection" >
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< h3 > 8.4.5. Configuring nginx for Let's Encrypt and HTTPS redirection< a class = "headerlink" href = "#configuring-nginx-for-let-s-encrypt-and-https-redirection" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h3 >
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< p > Next configure nginx for Let's Encrypt and for HTTP -> HTTPS redirection. For this
purpose we will create new type < strong > __sample_nginx_http_letsencrypt_and_ssl_redirect< / strong >
and use it here:< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-default" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > domain=" $(cat " $__object/parameter/domain" )"
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webroot=" /var/www/html"
__sample_nginx_http_letsencrypt_and_ssl_redirect " $domain" --webroot " $webroot"
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< div class = "section" id = "configuring-certificate-creation" >
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< h3 > 8.4.6. Configuring certificate creation< a class = "headerlink" href = "#configuring-certificate-creation" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h3 >
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< p > After HTTP nginx configuration we will create Let's Encrypt certificate using
< a class = "reference external" href = "man7/cdist-type__letsencrypt_cert.html" > __letsencrypt_cert< / a > type.
For Let's Encrypt cert configuration ensure that there is a DNS entry for your
domain. We assure that cert creation is applied after nginx HTTP is configured
for Let's Encrypt to work:< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-default" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < span class = "c1" > # create SSL cert< / span >
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< span class = "n" > require< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "s2" > " __package/nginx __sample_nginx_http_letsencrypt_and_ssl_redirect/$domain" < / span > \
< span class = "n" > __letsencrypt_cert< / span > < span class = "o" > --< / span > < span class = "n" > admin< / span > < span class = "o" > -< / span > < span class = "n" > email< / span > < span class = "n" > admin< / span > < span class = "nd" > @test< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > ungleich< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > ch< / span > \
< span class = "o" > --< / span > < span class = "n" > webroot< / span > < span class = "s2" > " $webroot" < / span > \
< span class = "o" > --< / span > < span class = "n" > automatic< / span > < span class = "o" > -< / span > < span class = "n" > renewal< / span > \
< span class = "o" > --< / span > < span class = "n" > renew< / span > < span class = "o" > -< / span > < span class = "n" > hook< / span > < span class = "s2" > " service nginx reload" < / span > \
< span class = "o" > --< / span > < span class = "n" > domain< / span > < span class = "s2" > " $domain" < / span > \
< span class = "s2" > " $domain" < / span >
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< div class = "section" id = "configuring-nginx-https-server-with-uwsgi-upstream" >
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< h3 > 8.4.7. Configuring nginx HTTPS server with uWSGI upstream< a class = "headerlink" href = "#configuring-nginx-https-server-with-uwsgi-upstream" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h3 >
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< p > Then we can configure nginx HTTPS server that will use created Let's Encrypt certificate:< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-default" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > # configure nginx
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require=" __package/nginx __letsencrypt_cert/$domain" \
__file " /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/https-$domain" \
--source - --mode 0644 < < EOF
upstream _bottle {
server unix:$apphome/uwsgi.sock;
}
server {
listen 443;
listen [::]:443;
server_name $domain;
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log;
ssl on;
ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/$domain/fullchain.pem;
ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/$domain/privkey.pem;
client_max_body_size 256m;
location / {
try_files \$uri @uwsgi;
}
location @uwsgi {
include uwsgi_params;
uwsgi_pass _bottle;
}
}
EOF
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< p > Now our manifest is finished.< / p >
< / div >
< div class = "section" id = "complete-sample-bottle-hosting-type-manifest-listing" >
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< h3 > 8.4.8. Complete __sample_bottle_hosting type manifest listing< a class = "headerlink" href = "#complete-sample-bottle-hosting-type-manifest-listing" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h3 >
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< p > Here is complete __sample_bottle_hosting type manifest listing,
located in ~/.cdist/type/__sample_bottle_hosting/manifest:< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-default" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > #!/bin/sh
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os=$(cat " $__global/explorer/os" )
case " $os" in
devuan)
:
;;
*)
echo " OS $os currently not supported" > & 2
exit 1
;;
esac
projectname=" $(cat " $__object/parameter/projectname" )"
user=" $(cat " $__object/parameter/user" )"
home=" /home/$user"
apphome=" $home/app"
domain=" $(cat " $__object/parameter/domain" )"
# create user
__user " $user" --home " $home" --shell /bin/bash
# create user home dir
require=" __user/$user" __directory " $home" \
--owner " $user" --group " $user" --mode 0755
# create app home dir
require=" __user/$user __directory/$home" __directory " $apphome" \
--state present --owner " $user" --group " $user" --mode 0755
# define packages that need to be installed
packages_to_install=" nginx uwsgi-plugin-python3 python3-dev python3-pip postgresql postgresql-contrib libpq-dev python3-venv uwsgi python3-psycopg2"
# update package index
__apt_update_index
# install packages
for package in $packages_to_install
do require=" __apt_update_index" __package $package --state=present
done
# install pip3 packages
for package in bottle bottle-pgsql; do
__package_pip --pip pip3 $package
done
#PostgreSQL db & user
postgres_server=postgresql
# create PostgreSQL db user
require=" __package/postgresql" __postgres_role $user --login --createdb
# create PostgreSQL db
require=" __postgres_role/$user __package/postgresql" __postgres_database $user \
--owner $user
# configure uWSGI
require=" __package/uwsgi" __file /etc/uwsgi/apps-enabled/$user.ini \
--owner root --group root --mode 0644 \
--state present \
--source - < < EOF
[uwsgi]
socket = $apphome/uwsgi.sock
chdir = $apphome
wsgi-file = $projectname/wsgi.py
touch-reload = $projectname/wsgi.py
processes = 4
threads = 2
chmod-socket = 666
daemonize=true
vacuum = true
uid = $user
gid = $user
EOF
# setup nginx HTTP for Let' s Encrypt and SSL redirect
domain=" $(cat " $__object/parameter/domain" )"
webroot=" /var/www/html"
__sample_nginx_http_letsencrypt_and_ssl_redirect " $domain" --webroot " $webroot"
# create SSL cert
require=" __package/nginx __sample_nginx_http_letsencrypt_and_ssl_redirect/$domain" \
__letsencrypt_cert --admin-email admin@test.ungleich.ch \
--webroot " $webroot" \
--automatic-renewal \
--renew-hook " service nginx reload" \
--domain " $domain" \
" $domain"
# configure nginx
require=" __package/nginx __letsencrypt_cert/$domain" \
__file " /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/https-$domain" \
--source - --mode 0644 < < EOF
upstream _bottle {
server unix:$apphome/uwsgi.sock;
}
server {
listen 443;
listen [::]:443;
server_name $domain;
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log;
ssl on;
ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/$domain/fullchain.pem;
ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/$domain/privkey.pem;
client_max_body_size 256m;
location / {
try_files \$uri @uwsgi;
}
location @uwsgi {
include uwsgi_params;
uwsgi_pass _bottle;
}
}
EOF
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< div class = "section" id = "creating-sample-bottle-hosting-type-gencode-remote" >
2019-05-04 22:18:20 +00:00
< h2 > 8.5. Creating __sample_bottle_hosting type gencode-remote< a class = "headerlink" href = "#creating-sample-bottle-hosting-type-gencode-remote" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > Now define < strong > gencode-remote< / strong > script: ~/.cdist/type/__sample_bottle_hosting/gencode-remote.
After manifest is applied it should restart uWSGI and nginx services so that our
configuration is active. Our gencode-remote looks like the following:< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-default" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < span class = "n" > echo< / span > < span class = "s2" > " service uwsgi restart" < / span >
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< span class = "n" > echo< / span > < span class = "s2" > " service nginx restart" < / span >
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< p > Our < strong > __sample_bottle_hosting< / strong > type is now finished.< / p >
< / div >
< div class = "section" id = "creating-sample-nginx-http-letsencrypt-and-ssl-redirect-type" >
2019-05-04 22:18:20 +00:00
< h2 > 8.6. Creating __sample_nginx_http_letsencrypt_and_ssl_redirect type< a class = "headerlink" href = "#creating-sample-nginx-http-letsencrypt-and-ssl-redirect-type" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > Let's now create < strong > __sample_nginx_http_letsencrypt_and_ssl_redirect< / strong > type:< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-default" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < span class = "n" > cd< / span > < span class = "o" > ~/.< / span > < span class = "n" > cdist< / span > < span class = "o" > /< / span > < span class = "nb" > type< / span >
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< span class = "n" > mkdir< / span > < span class = "n" > __sample_nginx_http_letsencrypt_and_ssl_redirect< / span >
< span class = "n" > cd< / span > < span class = "n" > __sample_nginx_http_letsencrypt_and_ssl_redirect< / span >
< span class = "n" > mkdir< / span > < span class = "n" > parameter< / span >
< span class = "n" > echo< / span > < span class = "n" > webroot< / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > < span class = "n" > parameter< / span > < span class = "o" > /< / span > < span class = "n" > required< / span >
< span class = "n" > touch< / span > < span class = "n" > manifest< / span >
< span class = "n" > touch< / span > < span class = "n" > gencode< / span > < span class = "o" > -< / span > < span class = "n" > remote< / span >
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< p > Edit manifest:< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-default" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > domain=" $__object_id"
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webroot=" $(cat " $__object/parameter/webroot" )"
# make sure we have nginx package
__package nginx
# setup Let' s Encrypt HTTP acme challenge, redirect HTTP to HTTPS
require=" __package/nginx" __file " /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/http-$domain" \
--source - --mode 0644 < < EOF
server {
listen *:80;
listen [::]:80;
server_name $domain;
# Let' s Encrypt
location /.well-known/acme-challenge/ {
root $webroot;
}
# Everything else -> SSL
location / {
return 301 https://\$host\$request_uri;
}
}
EOF
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< p > Edit gencode-remote:< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-default" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < span class = "n" > echo< / span > < span class = "s2" > " service nginx reload" < / span >
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< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< div class = "section" id = "creating-init-manifest" >
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< h2 > 8.7. Creating init manifest< a class = "headerlink" href = "#creating-init-manifest" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > Next create init manifest:< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-default" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < span class = "n" > cd< / span > < span class = "o" > ~/.< / span > < span class = "n" > cdist< / span > < span class = "o" > /< / span > < span class = "n" > manifest< / span >
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< span class = "n" > printf< / span > < span class = "s2" > " __sample_bottle_hosting --projectname sample --user app --domain \$__target_host sample< / span > < span class = "se" > \n< / span > < span class = "s2" > " < / span > < span class = "o" > > < / span > < span class = "n" > sample< / span >
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< p > Using this init manifest our target host will be configured using our < strong > __sample_bottle_hosting< / strong >
type with projectname < em > sample< / em > , user < em > app< / em > and domain equal to < strong > __target_host< / strong > .
Here the last positional argument < em > sample< / em > is type's object id. For details on
< strong > __target_host< / strong > and < strong > __object_id< / strong > see
< a class = "reference external" href = "cdist-reference.html#environment-variables-for-reading" > Environment variables (for reading)< / a >
reference.< / p >
< / div >
< div class = "section" id = "configuring-host" >
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< h2 > 8.8. Configuring host< a class = "headerlink" href = "#configuring-host" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > Finally configure test.ungleich.ch:< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-default" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < span class = "n" > cdist< / span > < span class = "n" > config< / span > < span class = "o" > -< / span > < span class = "n" > v< / span > < span class = "o" > -< / span > < span class = "n" > i< / span > < span class = "o" > ~/.< / span > < span class = "n" > cdist< / span > < span class = "o" > /< / span > < span class = "n" > manifest< / span > < span class = "o" > /< / span > < span class = "n" > sample< / span > < span class = "n" > test< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > ungleich< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > ch< / span >
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< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< p > After cdist configuration is successfully finished our host is ready.< / p >
< / div >
< div class = "section" id = "creating-python-bottle-application" >
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< h2 > 8.9. Creating python bottle application< a class = "headerlink" href = "#creating-python-bottle-application" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > We now need to create Bottle application. As you remember from the beginning
of this walkthrough our type does not create the actual python application,
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its intention is only to configure hosting for specified user and project.
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It is up to the user to create his/her applications.< / p >
< p > Become app user:< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-default" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < span class = "n" > su< / span > < span class = "o" > -< / span > < span class = "n" > l< / span > < span class = "n" > app< / span >
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< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< div class = "section" id = "preparing-database" >
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< h3 > 8.9.1. Preparing database< a class = "headerlink" href = "#preparing-database" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h3 >
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< p > We need to prepare database for our application. Create table and
insert some items:< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-default" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < span class = "n" > psql< / span > < span class = "o" > -< / span > < span class = "n" > c< / span > < span class = "s2" > " create table items (item varchar(255));" < / span >
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< span class = "n" > psql< / span > < span class = "o" > -< / span > < span class = "n" > c< / span > < span class = "s2" > " insert into items(item) values(' spam' );" < / span >
< span class = "n" > psql< / span > < span class = "o" > -< / span > < span class = "n" > c< / span > < span class = "s2" > " insert into items(item) values(' eggs' );" < / span >
< span class = "n" > psql< / span > < span class = "o" > -< / span > < span class = "n" > c< / span > < span class = "s2" > " insert into items(item) values(' sausage' );" < / span >
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< div class = "section" id = "creating-application" >
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< h3 > 8.9.2. Creating application< a class = "headerlink" href = "#creating-application" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h3 >
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< p > Next create sample app:< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-default" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < span class = "n" > cd< / span > < span class = "o" > /< / span > < span class = "n" > home< / span > < span class = "o" > /< / span > < span class = "n" > app< / span > < span class = "o" > /< / span > < span class = "n" > app< / span >
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< span class = "n" > mkdir< / span > < span class = "n" > sample< / span >
< span class = "n" > cd< / span > < span class = "n" > sample< / span >
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< p > Create app.py with the following content:< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-default" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < span class = "ch" > #!/usr/bin/env python3< / span >
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< span class = "kn" > import< / span > < span class = "nn" > bottle< / span >
< span class = "kn" > import< / span > < span class = "nn" > bottle_pgsql< / span >
< span class = "n" > app< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "n" > application< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "n" > bottle< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > Bottle< / span > < span class = "p" > ()< / span >
< span class = "n" > plugin< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "n" > bottle_pgsql< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > Plugin< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "s1" > ' dbname=app user=app password=' < / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< span class = "n" > app< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > install< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > plugin< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< span class = "nd" > @app< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > route< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "s1" > ' /' < / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< span class = "k" > def< / span > < span class = "nf" > show_index< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > db< / span > < span class = "p" > ):< / span >
< span class = "n" > db< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > execute< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "s1" > ' select * from items' < / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< span class = "n" > items< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "n" > db< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > fetchall< / span > < span class = "p" > ()< / span > < span class = "ow" > or< / span > < span class = "p" > []< / span >
< span class = "n" > rv< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "s1" > ' < html> < body> < h3> Items:< /h3> < ul> ' < / span >
< span class = "k" > for< / span > < span class = "n" > item< / span > < span class = "ow" > in< / span > < span class = "n" > items< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span >
< span class = "n" > rv< / span > < span class = "o" > +=< / span > < span class = "s1" > ' < li> ' < / span > < span class = "o" > +< / span > < span class = "nb" > str< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > item< / span > < span class = "p" > [< / span > < span class = "s1" > ' item' < / span > < span class = "p" > ])< / span > < span class = "o" > +< / span > < span class = "s1" > ' < /li> ' < / span >
< span class = "n" > rv< / span > < span class = "o" > +=< / span > < span class = "s1" > ' < /ul> < /body> < /html> ' < / span >
< span class = "k" > return< / span > < span class = "n" > rv< / span >
< span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "vm" > __name__< / span > < span class = "o" > ==< / span > < span class = "s1" > ' __main__' < / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span >
< span class = "n" > bottle< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > run< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > app< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "n" > app< / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > host< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "s1" > ' 0.0.0.0' < / span > < span class = "p" > ,< / span > < span class = "n" > port< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "mi" > 8080< / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< p > Create wsgi.py with the following content:< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-default" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < span class = "kn" > import< / span > < span class = "nn" > os< / span >
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< span class = "n" > os< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > chdir< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "n" > os< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > path< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > dirname< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "vm" > __file__< / span > < span class = "p" > ))< / span >
< span class = "kn" > import< / span > < span class = "nn" > app< / span >
< span class = "n" > application< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "n" > app< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > app< / span >
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< p > We have configured uWSGI with < strong > touch-reload = $projectname/wsgi.py< / strong > so after
we have changed our < strong > wsgi.py< / strong > file uWSGI reloads the application.< / p >
< p > Our application selects and lists items from < strong > items< / strong > table.< / p >
< / div >
< div class = "section" id = "openning-application" >
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< h3 > 8.9.3. Openning application< a class = "headerlink" href = "#openning-application" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h3 >
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< p > Finally try the application:< / p >
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< div class = "highlight-default" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < span class = "n" > http< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span > < span class = "o" > //< / span > < span class = "n" > test< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > ungleich< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > ch< / span > < span class = "o" > /< / span >
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< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< p > It should redirect to HTTPS and return:< / p >
< div class = "highlight docutils container" >
< h3 > Items:< / h3 >
< ul >
< li > spam< / li >
< li > eggs< / li >
< li > sausage< / li >
< / ul > < / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< div class = "section" id = "what-s-next" >
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< h2 > 8.10. What's next?< a class = "headerlink" href = "#what-s-next" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h2 >
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< p > Continue reading next sections ;)< / p >
< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< footer >
< div class = "rst-footer-buttons" role = "navigation" aria-label = "footer navigation" >
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< a href = "man1/cdist.html" class = "btn btn-neutral float-right" title = "9. cdist(1)" accesskey = "n" rel = "next" > Next < span class = "fa fa-arrow-circle-right" > < / span > < / a >
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< a href = "cdist-quickstart.html" class = "btn btn-neutral float-left" title = "7. Quickstart" accesskey = "p" rel = "prev" > < span class = "fa fa-arrow-circle-left" > < / span > Previous< / a >
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< / div >
< hr / >
< div role = "contentinfo" >
< p >
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© Copyright ungleich GmbH 2019
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Built with < a href = "http://sphinx-doc.org/" > Sphinx< / a > using a < a href = "https://github.com/rtfd/sphinx_rtd_theme" > theme< / a > provided by < a href = "https://readthedocs.org" > Read the Docs< / a > .
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