forked from ungleich-public/cdist
Implement preos
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Darko Poljak
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137
docs/src/cdist-preos.rst
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137
docs/src/cdist-preos.rst
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PreOS
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=====
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Description
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-----------
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With cdist you can install and configure new machines. You can use cdist to
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create PreOS, minimal OS which purpose is to boot new machine.
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After PreOS is booted machine is ready for installing desired OS and
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then it is ready for configuration.
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PreOS creation
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--------------
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With cdist you can create PreOS.
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Currently supported PreOS-es include:
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* debian
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* ubuntu
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* devuan.
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PreOS is created using cdist preos command. preos command has subcommands that
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create the desired PreOS.
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For example, to create ubuntu PreOS:
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.. code-block:: sh
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$ cdist preos ubuntu /preos/preos-ubuntu -b -C \
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-k ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub -p /preos/pxe-ubuntu
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For more info about available options see cdist manual page.
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This will bootstrap (``-b``) ubuntu PreOS in ``/preos/preos-ubuntu`` directory, it
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will be configured (``-C``) using default built-in initial manifest and with
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specified ssh authorized key (``-k``).
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After bootstrapping and configuration PXE
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boot directory will be created (``-p``) in ``/preos/pxe-ubuntu``.
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After PreOS is created new machines can be booted using created PXE (after
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proper dhcp, tftp setting).
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Since PreOS is configured with ssh authorized key it can be accessed throguh
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ssh, i.e. it can be further installed and configured with cdist.
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Implementing new PreOS sub-command
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----------------------------------
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preos command is implemented as a plugin system. This plugin system scans for
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preos subcommands in ``cdist/preos/`` distribution directory and also in
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``~/.cdist/preos/`` directory if it exists.
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preos subcommand is a module or a class that satisfies the following:
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* it has attribute ``_cdist_preos`` set to ``True``
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* it has function/method ``commandline``.
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For a module based preos subcommand ``commandline`` function accepts a module
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object as its first argument and the list of command line
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arguments (``sys.argv[2:]``).
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For a class preos subcommand ``commandline`` method should be staticmethod and
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it accepts a class object as its first argument and the list of command line
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arguments(``sys.argv[2:]``).
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If preos scanning finds a module/class that has ``_cdist_preos`` set
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to ``True`` and it has function/method ``commandline`` then this module/class is
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registered to preos subcommands. The name of the command is set to ``_preos_name``
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attribute if it exists, otherwise it is set to the module/class name, lowercase.
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When registered preos subcommand is specified as preos command then ``commandline``
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will be called with first argument set to module/class object and second argument
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set to ``sys.argv[2:]``.
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Example writing new dummy preos sub-command
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Module based preos:
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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#. Create directory ``~/.cdist/preos/`` if it does not exist
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#. Create ``~/.cdist/preos/netbsd.py`` with the following contents:
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.. code-block:: python
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_preos_name = 'netbsd'
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_cdist_preos = True
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def commandline(cls, args):
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print("NetBSD PreOS: {}".format(args))
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When you try to run this new preos you will get:
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.. code-block:: sh
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$ cdist preos -h
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usage: cdist preos [-h] preos
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Create PreOS
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positional arguments:
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preos PreOS to create, one of: {'netbsd', 'debian', 'ubuntu'}
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optional arguments:
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-h, --help show this help message and exit
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$ cdist preos netbsd
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NetBSD PreOS: []
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Class based preos:
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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#. Create directory ``~/.cdist/preos/`` if it does not exist
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#. Create ``~/.cdist/preos/freebsd.py`` with the following contents:
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.. code-block:: python
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class FreeBSD(object):
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_cdist_preos = True
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@classmethod
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def commandline(cls, args):
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print("FreeBSD dummy preos: {}".format(args))
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When you try to run this new preos you will get:
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.. code-block:: sh
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$ cdist preos -h
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usage: cdist preos [-h] preos
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Create PreOS
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positional arguments:
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preos PreOS to create, one of: {'freebsd', 'debian', 'ubuntu'}
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optional arguments:
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-h, --help show this help message and exit
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$ cdist preos freebsd
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FreeBSD dummy preos: []
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In the ``commandline`` function/method you have all the freedom to actually create
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PreOS.
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@ -67,6 +67,9 @@ cdist/inventory/
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The distribution inventory directory.
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This path is relative to cdist installation directory.
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cdist/preos/
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The distribution PreOS plugins directory.
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confdir
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Cdist will use all available configuration directories and create
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a temporary confdir containing links to the real configuration directories.
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@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ is being used in small up to enterprise grade environments.
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cdist-messaging
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cdist-parallelization
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cdist-inventory
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cdist-preos
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cdist-integration
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cdist-reference
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cdist-best-practice
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@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
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::
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cdist [-h] [-V] {banner,config,install,inventory,shell} ...
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cdist [-h] [-V] {banner,config,install,inventory,preos,shell} ...
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cdist banner [-h] [-l LOGLEVEL] [-q] [-v]
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@ -59,6 +59,29 @@ SYNOPSIS
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[-I INVENTORY_DIR] [-a] [-f HOSTFILE] [-H] [-t]
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[host [host ...]]
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cdist preos [-h] preos
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cdist preos debian [-h] [-l LOGLEVEL] [-q] [-v] [-b] [-a ARCH] [-B]
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[-C] [-c CDIST_PARAMS] [-D DRIVE] [-e REMOTE_EXEC]
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[-i MANIFEST] [-k KEYFILE ] [-m MIRROR]
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[-P ROOT_PASSWORD] [-p PXE_BOOT_DIR] [-r]
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[-S SCRIPT] [-s SUITE] [-y REMOTE_COPY]
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target_dir
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cdist preos devuan [-h] [-l LOGLEVEL] [-q] [-v] [-b] [-a ARCH] [-B]
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[-C] [-c CDIST_PARAMS] [-D DRIVE] [-e REMOTE_EXEC]
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[-i MANIFEST] [-k KEYFILE ] [-m MIRROR]
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[-P ROOT_PASSWORD] [-p PXE_BOOT_DIR] [-r]
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[-S SCRIPT] [-s SUITE] [-y REMOTE_COPY]
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target_dir
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cdist preos ubuntu [-h] [-l LOGLEVEL] [-q] [-v] [-b] [-a ARCH] [-B]
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[-C] [-c CDIST_PARAMS] [-D DRIVE] [-e REMOTE_EXEC]
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[-i MANIFEST] [-k KEYFILE ] [-m MIRROR]
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[-P ROOT_PASSWORD] [-p PXE_BOOT_DIR] [-r]
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[-S SCRIPT] [-s SUITE] [-y REMOTE_COPY]
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target_dir
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cdist shell [-h] [-l LOGLEVEL] [-q] [-v] [-s SHELL]
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@ -432,6 +455,135 @@ List inventory database.
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all hosts that contain any of specified tags.
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PREOS
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-----
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Create PreOS. Currently, the following PreOS-es are supported:
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* debian
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* ubuntu
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* devuan
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PREOS DEBIAN/DEVUAN
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-------------------
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**target_dir**
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target directory where PreOS will be bootstrapped
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**-a ARCH, --arch ARCH**
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target debootstrap architecture, by default 'amd64'
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**-B, --bootstrap**
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do bootstrap step
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**-b, --beta**
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Enable beta functionality.
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**-C, --configure**
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do configure step
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**-c CDIST_PARAMS, --cdist-params CDIST_PARAMS**
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parameters that will be passed to cdist config, by
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default '-v' is used
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**-D DRIVE, --drive-boot DRIVE**
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create bootable PreOS on specified drive
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**-e REMOTE_EXEC, --remote-exec REMOTE_EXEC**
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remote exec that cdist config will use, by default
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internal script is used
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**-i MANIFEST, --init-manifest MANIFEST**
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init manifest that cdist config will use, by default
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internal init manifest is used
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**-k KEYFILE, --keyfile KEYFILE**
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ssh key files that will be added to cdist config;
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'``__ssh_authorized_keys root ...``' type is appended to initial manifest
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**-m MIRROR, --mirror MIRROR**
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use specified mirror for debootstrap
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**-P ROOT_PASSWORD, --root-password ROOT_PASSWORD**
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Set specified password for root, generated by default
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**-p PXE_BOOT_DIR, --pxe-boot-dir PXE_BOOT_DIR**
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PXE boot directory
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**-r, --rm-bootstrap-dir**
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remove target directory after finishing
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**-S SCRIPT, --script SCRIPT**
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use specified script for debootstrap
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**-s SUITE, --suite SUITE**
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suite used for debootstrap, by default 'stable'
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**-y REMOTE_COPY, --remote-copy REMOTE_COPY**
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remote copy that cdist config will use, by default
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internal script is used
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PREOS UBUNTU
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------------
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**target_dir**
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target directory where PreOS will be bootstrapped
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**-a ARCH, --arch ARCH**
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target debootstrap architecture, by default 'amd64'
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**-B, --bootstrap**
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do bootstrap step
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**-b, --beta**
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Enable beta functionality.
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**-C, --configure**
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do configure step
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**-c CDIST_PARAMS, --cdist-params CDIST_PARAMS**
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parameters that will be passed to cdist config, by
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default '-v' is used
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**-D DRIVE, --drive-boot DRIVE**
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create bootable PreOS on specified drive
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**-e REMOTE_EXEC, --remote-exec REMOTE_EXEC**
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remote exec that cdist config will use, by default
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internal script is used
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**-i MANIFEST, --init-manifest MANIFEST**
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init manifest that cdist config will use, by default
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internal init manifest is used
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**-k KEYFILE, --keyfile KEYFILE**
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ssh key files that will be added to cdist config;
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'``__ssh_authorized_keys root ...``' type is appended to initial manifest
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**-m MIRROR, --mirror MIRROR**
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use specified mirror for debootstrap
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**-P ROOT_PASSWORD, --root-password ROOT_PASSWORD**
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Set specified password for root, generated by default
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**-p PXE_BOOT_DIR, --pxe-boot-dir PXE_BOOT_DIR**
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PXE boot directory
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**-r, --rm-bootstrap-dir**
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remove target directory after finishing
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**-S SCRIPT, --script SCRIPT**
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use specified script for debootstrap
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**-s SUITE, --suite SUITE**
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suite used for debootstrap, by default 'xenial'
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**-y REMOTE_COPY, --remote-copy REMOTE_COPY**
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remote copy that cdist config will use, by default
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internal script is used
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SHELL
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-----
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This command allows you to spawn a shell that enables access
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@ -540,12 +692,16 @@ FILES
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~/.cdist/inventory
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The home inventory directory. If ~/.cdist exists it will be used as
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default inventory directory.
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~/.cdist/preos
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PreOS plugins directory, if existing.
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cdist/conf
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The distribution configuration directory. It contains official types and
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explorers. This path is relative to cdist installation directory.
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cdist/inventory
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The distribution inventory directory.
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This path is relative to cdist installation directory.
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cdist/preos
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The distribution PreOS plugins directory.
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/etc/cdist.cfg
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Global cdist configuration file, if exists.
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~/.cdist.cfg or $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/cdist/cdist.cfg
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@ -635,6 +791,20 @@ EXAMPLES
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# Configure all hosts from inventory db
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$ cdist config -b -A
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# Create default debian PreOS in debug mode
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$ cdist preos debian /preos/preos-debian -b -vvvv -C \
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-k ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub -p /preos/pxe-debian
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# Create ubuntu PreOS
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$ cdist preos ubuntu /preos/preos-ubuntu -b -C \
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-k ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub -p /preos/pxe-ubuntu
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# Create ubuntu PreOS on drive /dev/sdb
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# and set root password to 'password'.
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$ cdist preos ubuntu /mnt -b -B -C \
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-k ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub -D /dev/sdb \
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-P password
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ENVIRONMENT
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-----------
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