uncloud/ucloud/host/virtualmachine.py

# QEMU Manual
# https://qemu.weilnetz.de/doc/qemu-doc.html

# For QEMU Monitor Protocol Commands Information, See
# https://qemu.weilnetz.de/doc/qemu-doc.html#pcsys_005fmonitor

import os
import random
import subprocess as sp
import tempfile
import time

from functools import wraps
from string import Template
from typing import Union
from os.path import join as join_path

import bitmath
import sshtunnel

from ucloud.common.helpers import get_ipv6_address
from ucloud.common.request import RequestEntry, RequestType
from ucloud.common.vm import VMEntry, VMStatus
from ucloud.config import (etcd_client, request_pool,
                           running_vms, vm_pool, env_vars,
                           image_storage_handler)
from . import qmp
from ucloud.host import logger


class VM:
    def __init__(self, key, handle, vnc_socket_file):
        self.key = key  # type: str
        self.handle = handle  # type: qmp.QEMUMachine
        self.vnc_socket_file = vnc_socket_file  # type: tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile

    def __repr__(self):
        return "VM({})".format(self.key)


def delete_network_interface(iface):
    try:
        sp.check_output(['ip', 'link', 'del', iface])
    except Exception:
        pass


def resolve_network(network_name, network_owner):
    network = etcd_client.get(join_path(env_vars.get("NETWORK_PREFIX"),
                                        network_owner,
                                        network_name),
                              value_in_json=True)
    return network


def delete_vm_network(vm_entry):
    try:
        for network in vm_entry.network:
            network_name = network[0]
            tap_mac = network[1]
            tap_id = network[2]

            delete_network_interface('tap{}'.format(tap_id))

            owners_vms = vm_pool.by_owner(vm_entry.owner)
            owners_running_vms = vm_pool.by_status(VMStatus.running, 
                                                _vms=owners_vms)

            networks = map(lambda n: n[0],
                        map(lambda vm: vm.network, owners_running_vms)
            )
            networks_in_use_by_user_vms = [vm[0] for vm in networks]
            if network_name not in networks_in_use_by_user_vms:
                network_entry = resolve_network(network[0], vm_entry.owner)
                if network_entry:
                    network_type = network_entry.value["type"]
                    network_id = network_entry.value["id"]
                    if network_type == "vxlan":
                        delete_network_interface('br{}'.format(network_id))
                        delete_network_interface('vxlan{}'.format(network_id))
    except Exception:
        logger.exception("Exception in network interface deletion")


def create_dev(script, _id, dev, ip=None):
    command = [script, _id, dev]
    if ip:
        command.append(ip)
    try:
        output = sp.check_output(command, stderr=sp.PIPE)
    except Exception as e:
        print(e.stderr)
        return None
    else:
        return output.decode("utf-8").strip()


def create_vxlan_br_tap(_id, _dev, tap_id, ip=None):
    network_script_base = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__)), 'network')
    vxlan = create_dev(script=os.path.join(network_script_base, 'create-vxlan.sh'),
                       _id=_id, dev=_dev)
    if vxlan:
        bridge = create_dev(script=os.path.join(network_script_base, 'create-bridge.sh'),
                            _id=_id, dev=vxlan, ip=ip)
        if bridge:
            tap = create_dev(script=os.path.join(network_script_base, 'create-tap.sh'),
                             _id=str(tap_id), dev=bridge)
            if tap:
                return tap


def random_bytes(num=6):
    return [random.randrange(256) for _ in range(num)]


def generate_mac(uaa=False, multicast=False, oui=None, separator=':', byte_fmt='%02x'):
    mac = random_bytes()
    if oui:
        if type(oui) == str:
            oui = [int(chunk) for chunk in oui.split(separator)]
        mac = oui + random_bytes(num=6 - len(oui))
    else:
        if multicast:
            mac[0] |= 1  # set bit 0
        else:
            mac[0] &= ~1  # clear bit 0
        if uaa:
            mac[0] &= ~(1 << 1)  # clear bit 1
        else:
            mac[0] |= 1 << 1  # set bit 1
    return separator.join(byte_fmt % b for b in mac)


def update_radvd_conf(etcd_client):
    network_script_base = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__)), 'network')

    networks = {
        net.value['ipv6']: net.value['id']
        for net in etcd_client.get_prefix('/v1/network/', value_in_json=True)
        if net.value.get('ipv6')
    }
    radvd_template = open(os.path.join(network_script_base,
                                       'radvd-template.conf'), 'r').read()
    radvd_template = Template(radvd_template)

    content = [radvd_template.safe_substitute(bridge='br{}'.format(networks[net]),
                                              prefix=net)
               for net in networks if networks.get(net)]

    with open('/etc/radvd.conf', 'w') as radvd_conf:
        radvd_conf.writelines(content)
    try:
        sp.check_output(['systemctl', 'restart', 'radvd'])
    except Exception:
        sp.check_output(['service', 'radvd', 'restart'])


def get_start_command_args(vm_entry, vnc_sock_filename: str, migration=False, migration_port=None):
    threads_per_core = 1
    vm_memory = int(bitmath.parse_string_unsafe(vm_entry.specs["ram"]).to_MB())
    vm_cpus = int(vm_entry.specs["cpu"])
    vm_uuid = vm_entry.uuid
    vm_networks = vm_entry.network

    command = "-name {}_{}".format(vm_entry.owner, vm_entry.name)

    command += " -drive file={},format=raw,if=virtio,cache=none".format(
        image_storage_handler.qemu_path_string(vm_uuid)
    )
    command += " -device virtio-rng-pci -vnc unix:{}".format(vnc_sock_filename)
    command += " -m {} -smp cores={},threads={}".format(
        vm_memory, vm_cpus, threads_per_core
    )

    if migration:
        command += " -incoming tcp:[::]:{}".format(migration_port)

    tap = None
    for network_mac_and_tap in vm_networks:
        network_name, mac, tap = network_mac_and_tap

        _key = os.path.join(env_vars.get('NETWORK_PREFIX'), vm_entry.owner, network_name)
        network = etcd_client.get(_key, value_in_json=True)
        network_type = network.value["type"]
        network_id = str(network.value["id"])
        network_ipv6 = network.value["ipv6"]

        if network_type == "vxlan":
            tap = create_vxlan_br_tap(_id=network_id,
                                      _dev=env_vars.get("VXLAN_PHY_DEV"),
                                      tap_id=tap,
                                      ip=network_ipv6)
            update_radvd_conf(etcd_client)

        command += " -netdev tap,id=vmnet{net_id},ifname={tap},script=no,downscript=no" \
                   " -device virtio-net-pci,netdev=vmnet{net_id},mac={mac}" \
            .format(tap=tap, net_id=network_id, mac=mac)

    return command.split(" ")


def create_vm_object(vm_entry, migration=False, migration_port=None):
    # NOTE: If migration suddenly stop working, having different
    #       VNC unix filename on source and destination host can
    #       be a possible cause of it.

    # REQUIREMENT: Use Unix Socket instead of TCP Port for VNC
    vnc_sock_file = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile()

    qemu_args = get_start_command_args(
        vm_entry=vm_entry,
        vnc_sock_filename=vnc_sock_file.name,
        migration=migration,
        migration_port=migration_port,
    )
    qemu_machine = qmp.QEMUMachine("/usr/bin/qemu-system-x86_64", args=qemu_args)
    return VM(vm_entry.key, qemu_machine, vnc_sock_file)


def get_vm(vm_list: list, vm_key) -> Union[VM, None]:
    return next((vm for vm in vm_list if vm.key == vm_key), None)


def need_running_vm(func):
    @wraps(func)
    def wrapper(e):
        vm = get_vm(running_vms, e.key)
        if vm:
            try:
                status = vm.handle.command("query-status")
                logger.debug("VM Status Check - %s", status)
            except Exception as exception:
                logger.info("%s failed - VM %s %s", func.__name__, e, exception)
            else:
                return func(e)

            return None
        else:
            logger.info("%s failed because VM %s is not running", func.__name__, e.key)
            return None

    return wrapper


def create(vm_entry: VMEntry):
    if image_storage_handler.is_vm_image_exists(vm_entry.uuid):
        # File Already exists. No Problem Continue
        logger.debug("Image for vm %s exists", vm_entry.uuid)
    else:
        vm_hdd = int(bitmath.parse_string_unsafe(vm_entry.specs["os-ssd"]).to_MB())
        if image_storage_handler.make_vm_image(src=vm_entry.image_uuid, dest=vm_entry.uuid):
            if not image_storage_handler.resize_vm_image(path=vm_entry.uuid, size=vm_hdd):
                vm_entry.status = VMStatus.error
            else:
                logger.info("New VM Created")


def start(vm_entry: VMEntry, destination_host_key=None, migration_port=None):
    _vm = get_vm(running_vms, vm_entry.key)

    # VM already running. No need to proceed further.
    if _vm:
        logger.info("VM %s already running" % vm_entry.uuid)
        return
    else:
        logger.info("Trying to start %s" % vm_entry.uuid)
        if destination_host_key:
            launch_vm(vm_entry, migration=True, migration_port=migration_port,
                      destination_host_key=destination_host_key)
        else:
            create(vm_entry)
            launch_vm(vm_entry)


@need_running_vm
def stop(vm_entry):
    vm = get_vm(running_vms, vm_entry.key)
    vm.handle.shutdown()
    if not vm.handle.is_running():
        vm_entry.add_log("Shutdown successfully")
        vm_entry.declare_stopped()
        vm_pool.put(vm_entry)
        running_vms.remove(vm)
        delete_vm_network(vm_entry)


def delete(vm_entry):
    logger.info("Deleting VM | %s", vm_entry)
    stop(vm_entry)

    if image_storage_handler.is_vm_image_exists(vm_entry.uuid):
        r_status = image_storage_handler.delete_vm_image(vm_entry.uuid)
        if r_status:
            etcd_client.client.delete(vm_entry.key)
    else:
        etcd_client.client.delete(vm_entry.key)

def transfer(request_event):
    # This function would run on source host i.e host on which the vm
    # is running initially. This host would be responsible for transferring
    # vm state to destination host.

    _host, _port = request_event.parameters["host"], request_event.parameters["port"]
    _uuid = request_event.uuid
    _destination = request_event.destination_host_key
    vm = get_vm(running_vms, join_path(env_vars.get('VM_PREFIX'), _uuid))

    if vm:
        tunnel = sshtunnel.SSHTunnelForwarder(
            _host,
            ssh_username=env_vars.get("ssh_username"),
            ssh_pkey=env_vars.get("ssh_pkey"),
            remote_bind_address=("127.0.0.1", _port),
            ssh_proxy_enabled=True,
            ssh_proxy=(_host, 22)
        )
        try:
            tunnel.start()
        except sshtunnel.BaseSSHTunnelForwarderError:
            logger.exception("Couldn't establish connection to (%s, 22)", _host)
        else:
            vm.handle.command(
                "migrate", uri="tcp:0.0.0.0:{}".format(tunnel.local_bind_port)
            )

            status = vm.handle.command("query-migrate")["status"]
            while status not in ["failed", "completed"]:
                time.sleep(2)
                status = vm.handle.command("query-migrate")["status"]

            with vm_pool.get_put(request_event.uuid) as source_vm:
                if status == "failed":
                    source_vm.add_log("Migration Failed")
                elif status == "completed":
                    # If VM is successfully migrated then shutdown the VM
                    # on this host and update hostname to destination host key
                    source_vm.add_log("Successfully migrated")
                    source_vm.hostname = _destination
                    running_vms.remove(vm)
                    vm.handle.shutdown()
                source_vm.in_migration = False  # VM transfer finished
        finally:
            tunnel.close()


def launch_vm(vm_entry, migration=False, migration_port=None, destination_host_key=None):
    logger.info("Starting %s" % vm_entry.key)

    vm = create_vm_object(vm_entry, migration=migration, migration_port=migration_port)
    try:
        vm.handle.launch()
    except Exception:
        logger.exception("Error Occured while starting VM")
        vm.handle.shutdown()

        if migration:
            # We don't care whether MachineError or any other error occurred
            pass
        else:
            # Error during typical launch of a vm
            vm.handle.shutdown()
            vm_entry.declare_killed()
            vm_pool.put(vm_entry)
    else:
        vm_entry.vnc_socket = vm.vnc_socket_file.name
        running_vms.append(vm)

        if migration:
            vm_entry.in_migration = True
            r = RequestEntry.from_scratch(
                type=RequestType.TransferVM,
                hostname=vm_entry.hostname,
                parameters={"host": get_ipv6_address(), "port": migration_port},
                uuid=vm_entry.uuid,
                destination_host_key=destination_host_key,
                request_prefix=env_vars.get("REQUEST_PREFIX")
            )
            request_pool.put(r)
        else:
            # Typical launching of a vm
            vm_entry.status = VMStatus.running
            vm_entry.add_log("Started successfully")

        vm_pool.put(vm_entry)