nico/master-thesis
1
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Projects Releases Wiki Activity
master-thesis/doc/plan.org
Nico Schottelius a25da0f0df Try to shrink down bool bug code
2019-03-06 19:33:24 +01:00

736 lines
51 KiB
Org Mode
Raw Blame History

* Time table / log
| When? | What? | Notes |
| 2019-02-21 | Kick-Off | x |
| | Finish all admin points | x |
| | Know when/how to coordinate | x |
| 2019-02-21 | Clarifications Ueli Maurer (Mentor) | x |
| | Write mail / phone | x |
| 2019-02-22 | Have all papers handed in | |
| | | |
| 2019-02-22 | Have rough definition of tasks | x |
| | | |
| 2019-02-23 | python2 / ipaddress is buggy | x |
| | p4utils is python2 only support | |
| | bmpy_utils is not installable with pip | |
| | python2 / latest ipaddress==1.0.22 still has the bug | |
| | ipaddress.ip_network("2001:db8:61::/64") | |
| | IPv6Network(u'3230:3031:3a64:6238:3a36:313a:3a2f:3634/128') | |
| | | |
| | egress routing | x |
| | | |
| 2019-02-24 | non reliable neighbor entries / flushing addresses puts into failed | |
| | | |
| | | |
| 2019-02-28 | Meet Laurent #2 | |
| | - Status | |
| | * Setup base code | |
| | * Parser for all protocols (udp,tcp,icmp,icmp6) | |
| | * Started with icmp translation | |
| | * Investigating into IPv6 based checksums | |
| | * Reading into various RFCs, NDP, MLD | |
| | * Reading about multicast / trying to figure out dynamic membership | |
| | | |
| | - Challenges | |
| | * Some issues with python2 (ipaddr) - slowing down | x |
| | https://github.com/phihag/ipaddress/issues/46 | |
| | * Forwarded and received icmp6 packets are not "accepted" | |
| | | |
| | - Questions | |
| | * Multicast: in controller | x |
| | * Re-using code (lee howard) -> ok & mention | x |
| | * A lot of redundant code / different tables / repeating: use if's | x |
| | * 65k parsing is insane | x |
| | | |
| | - Next steps: | |
| | * Supporting MLD | |
| | * Save stuff in the controller | |
| | * checkout ipaddr bug / status | |
| | * Variable length / icmp6 in the controller | |
| | * Go simple... | |
| | * Meeting Edgar & Alexander week after | |
| | * Summary on Slack | |
| | * 1130 meeting now | |
| | | |
| | | |
| 2019-03-01 | Feature list / priority list / roadmap clear | x |
| | Joining P4 Slack | |
| | | |
| 2019-03-03 | icmp6 revised: | |
| | - add address to table for forwarding to controller | x |
| | - select correct format for forwarding | |
| | - decode in controller | |
| | - send back to switch | |
| | - test with host | |
| | | |
| 2019-03-06 | Meet Laurent #3 | |
| | - Checksum's in scapy | x |
| | - Python2 ipaddress fix (import future) | x |
| | - Added custom package format / additional information in packet | x |
| | - (partial) NDP working in controller | x |
| | - P4 checksum_with_payload | x |
| | - Reading scapy / inet6 | x |
| | - Further checksum tests -> required everywhere in IPv6 | x |
| | - icmp6 echo request working in controller | x |
| | - Hosts can ping6 the switch | x |
| | - Ran into P4 casting bug: https://github.com/p4lang/p4c/issues/1765 | x |
| | -> seems to be more than just casting bug | x |
| | - Default route for ipv6 hosts | x |
| | | |
| | Next target: | |
| | - Focus on enabling the "Internet" with ICMP6 translation | x |
| | | |
| | Next steps: | |
| | - Investigate again into checksumming with payload in P4 | x |
| | - Answering icmp6 echo request *in* in the switch | x |
| | - Translate icmp6 to icmp | x |
| | - Translate icmp to icmp6 | |
| | - Multiple branches: | x |
| | * Work on checksumming / p4 | x |
| | * Work on metadata passing / p4 | x |
| | * Work on static mapping (w/ incorrect checksum) 1:1 | |
| | * v1model/ | |
| | | |
| | Notes: | |
| | * Edgar back on Friday // check tofino checksumming | |
| | * Bugs mentioning in thesis | |
| | * Maybe run static mapping on tofino / p4_14 | |
| | * Tofino p4_16: alpha compiler | |
| | * Send recap / mail next week | |
| | * week after 1130 Thursday | |
| | | |
| | | |
| 2019-03-08 | NAT64 1:1 table ICMP, ICMPv6 working | |
| | Will need some switch local ip addresses | |
| | | |
| | | |
| 2019-03-15 | NAT64 1:1 table TCP/UDP working | |
| | | |
| | | |
| 2019-03-29 | Jool SIIT / range / offset support https://www.jool.mx/en/run-vanilla.html | |
| | Jool EAMT support https://www.jool.mx/en/run-eam.html | |
| | Bidirectional support | |
| | Will need IPv6 embedding suport https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6052 | |
| | | |
| 2019-04-05 | NAT64 prefix based IPv6->IPv4 conversion [tayga] | |
| | Use case: IPv6 hosts send to specific /96 | |
| | | |
| 2019-04-19 | NAT64 dynamic pool implementation: n:m ipv6 to ipv4 mapping | |
| | And n:1 stateful mappings https://www.jool.mx/en/run-nat64.html | |
| | Needs active controller | |
| | Needs timeout / leases | |
| | | |
| 2019-05-10 | Benmarking results between P4, Jool, Tayga | |
| | Real hardware of advantage | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| 2019-08-01 | Latest start writing documentation | |
| 2019-08-21 | hand in thesis | |
* Topics / Tasks
** Admin
*** DONE Clarify PDF / form with Denise Spicher: free form description
*** TODO Create task description to be handed in mystudies
*** DONE Create list of tasks / initial brainstorming
*** TODO Get OK from Ueli Maurer that thesis is valid in Information Security Area
*** TODO Find out how-when-whom-where to meet / define schedule
*** TODO Latex and/or org-mode for the thesis?
*** TODO Add initial milestones
**** 180d plan
**** 25w
** Thesis implementation
*** DONE Setup test VM for P4: 2a0a:e5c0:2:12:400:f0ff:fea9:c3e3
*** DONE Get feature list of jool
*** DONE Get feature list of tayga
*** DONE Setup P4 base / structure
*** DONE Create minimal controller for populating tables
*** DONE Checkout / review egress settings
*** TODO Implement ICMP <-> ICMP6 translation
**** DONE Parse icmp
**** DONE Parse icmpv6
**** DONE Add (static) egress configuration
**** DONE Calculate ICMP6 checksums in controller
***** Need to include the payload!?!!
**** DONE Implement minimal neighbor discovery in controller
***** DONE For the switch
****** DONE Register IPv6 address in table
****** DONE Parse ICMPv6 up to neighbor solicitation -> no: checksum problem
****** DONE Use NDP (Neighbor Solicitation (NDP) , Neighbor Advertisement (NDP)) -> no: controller
****** Approach 2: use cpu header, forward information to controller
****** DONE Fix the ip address match/mapping: 42 -> 2a -> use hex originally
****** DONE Find out why wrong type is used -> overlapping with NDP
DEBUG:main:INCOMING: <Ether dst=33:33:ff:00:00:42 src=00:00:0a:00:00:01 type=0x4242 |<Raw load='\x00\x03\x00\x01\x86\xdd`\x00\x00\x00\x00 :\xff \x01\r\xb8\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\xff\x02\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\xff\x00\x00B\x87\x00\xd3\xa4\x00\x00\x00\x00 \x01\r\xb8\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00B\x01\x01\x00\x00\n\x00\x00\x01' |>>
p=<Ether dst=33:33:ff:00:00:42 src=00:00:0a:00:00:01 type=0x4242 |<Raw load='\x00\x03\x00\x01\x86\xdd`\x00\x00\x00\x00 :\xff \x01\r\xb8\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\xff\x02\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\xff\x00\x00B\x87\x00\xd3\xa4\x00\x00\x00\x00 \x01\r\xb8\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00B\x01\x01\x00\x00\n\x00\x00\x01' |>>
DEBUG:main:cpu = <CpuHeader task=DEBUG ingress_port=1 type=0x86dd |<Raw load='`\x00\x00\x00\x00 :\xff \x01\r\xb8\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\xff\x02\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\xff\x00\x00B\x87\x00\xd3\xa4\x00\x00\x00\x00 \x01\r\xb8\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00B\x01\x01\x00\x00\n\x00\x00\x01' |>>
DEBUG:main:o=<Ether dst=33:33:ff:00:00:42 src=00:00:0a:00:00:01 type=0x86dd |<IPv6 version=6 tc=0 fl=0 plen=32 nh=ICMPv6 hlim=255 src=2001:db8::1 dst=ff02::1:ff00:42 |<ICMPv6ND_NS type=Neighbor Solicitation code=0 cksum=0xd3a4 res=0 tgt=2001:db8::42 |<ICMPv6NDOptSrcLLAddr type=1 len=1 lladdr=00:00:0a:00:00:01 |>>>>
DEBUG:main:Debug purpose only
DEBUG:main:INCOMING: <Ether dst=33:33:ff:00:00:42 src=00:00:0a:00:00:01 type=0x4242 |<Raw load='\x00\x03\x00\x01\x86\xdd`\x00\x00\x00\x00 :\xff \x01\r\xb8\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\xff\x02\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\xff\x00\x00B\x87\x00\xd3\xa4\x00\x00\x00\x00 \x01\r\xb8\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00B\x01\x01\x00\x00\n\x00\x00\x01' |>>
p=<Ether dst=33:33:ff:00:00:42 src=00:00:0a:00:00:01 type=0x4242 |<Raw load='\x00\x03\x00\x01\x86\xdd`\x00\x00\x00\x00 :\xff \x01\r\xb8\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\xff\x02\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\xff\x00\x00B\x87\x00\xd3\xa4\x00\x00\x00\x00 \x01\r\xb8\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00B\x01\x01\x00\x00\n\x00\x00\x01' |>>
DEBUG:main:cpu = <CpuHeader task=DEBUG ingress_port=1 type=0x86dd |<Raw load='`\x00\x00\x00\x00 :\xff \x01\r\xb8\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\xff\x02\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\xff\x00\x00B\x87\x00\xd3\xa4\x00\x00\x00\x00 \x01\r\xb8\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00B\x01\x01\x00\x00\n\x00\x00\x01' |>>
DEBUG:main:o=<Ether dst=33:33:ff:00:00:42 src=00:00:0a:00:00:01 type=0x86dd |<IPv6 version=6 tc=0 fl=0 plen=32 nh=ICMPv6 hlim=255 src=2001:db8::1 dst=ff02::1:ff00:42 |<ICMPv6ND_NS type=Neighbor Solicitation code=0 cksum=0xd3a4 res=0 tgt=2001:db8::42 |<ICMPv6NDOptSrcLLAddr type=1 len=1 lladdr=00:00:0a:00:00:01 |>>>>
DEBUG:main:Debug purpose only
DEBUG:main:INCOMING: <Ether dst=33:33:ff:00:00:42 src=00:00:0a:00:00:01 type=0x4242 |<Raw load='\x00\x03\x00\x01\x86\xdd`\x00\x00\x00\x00 :\xff \x01\r\xb8\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\xff\x02\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\xff\x00\x00B\x87\x00\xd3\xa4\x00\x00\x00\x00 \x01\r\xb8\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00B\x01\x01\x00\x00\n\x00\x00\x01' |>>
p=<Ether dst=33:33:ff:00:00:42 src=00:00:0a:00:00:01 type=0x4242 |<Raw load='\x00\x03\x00\x01\x86\xdd`\x00\x00\x00\x00 :\xff \x01\r\xb8\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\xff\x02\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\xff\x00\x00B\x87\x00\xd3\xa4\x00\x00\x00\x00 \x01\r\xb8\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00B\x01\x01\x00\x00\n\x00\x00\x01' |>>
DEBUG:main:cpu = <CpuHeader task=DEBUG ingress_port=1 type=0x86dd |<Raw load='`\x00\x00\x00\x00 :\xff \x01\r\xb8\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\xff\x02\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\xff\x00\x00B\x87\x00\xd3\xa4\x00\x00\x00\x00 \x01\r\xb8\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00B\x01\x01\x00\x00\n\x00\x00\x01' |>>
DEBUG:main:o=<Ether dst=33:33:ff:00:00:42 src=00:00:0a:00:00:01 type=0x86dd |<IPv6 version=6 tc=0 fl=0 plen=32 nh=ICMPv6 hlim=255 src=2001:db8::1 dst=ff02::1:ff00:42 |<ICMPv6ND_NS type=Neighbor Solicitation code=0 cksum=0xd3a4 res=0 tgt=2001:db8::42 |<ICMPv6NDOptSrcLLAddr type=1 len=1 lladdr=00:00:0a:00:00:01 |>>>>
DEBUG:main:Debug purpose only
****** Disable debug by default -> gives correct packets
DEBUG:main:INCOMING: <Ether dst=33:33:ff:00:00:42 src=00:00:0a:00:00:01 type=0x4242 |<Raw load='\x00\x01\x00\x01\x86\xdd`\x00\x00\x00\x00 :\xff \x01\r\xb8\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\xff\x02\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\xff\x00\x00B\x87\x00\xd3\xa4\x00\x00\x00\x00 \x01\r\xb8\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00B\x01\x01\x00\x00\n\x00\x00\x01' |>>
DEBUG:main:cpu = <CpuHeader task=ICMP6_NS ingress_port=1 type=0x86dd |<Raw load='`\x00\x00\x00\x00 :\xff \x01\r\xb8\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\xff\x02\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\xff\x00\x00B\x87\x00\xd3\xa4\x00\x00\x00\x00 \x01\r\xb8\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00B\x01\x01\x00\x00\n\x00\x00\x01' |>>
DEBUG:main:o=<Ether dst=33:33:ff:00:00:42 src=00:00:0a:00:00:01 type=0x86dd |<IPv6 version=6 tc=0 fl=0 plen=32 nh=ICMPv6 hlim=255 src=2001:db8::1 dst=ff02::1:ff00:42 |<ICMPv6ND_NS type=Neighbor Solicitation code=0 cksum=0xd3a4 res=0 tgt=2001:db8::42 |<ICMPv6NDOptSrcLLAddr type=1 len=1 lladdr=00:00:0a:00:00:01 |>>>>
DEBUG:main:Doing neighbor solicitation
DEBUG:main:INCOMING: <Ether dst=33:33:ff:00:00:42 src=00:00:0a:00:00:01 type=0x4242 |<Raw load='\x00\x01\x00\x01\x86\xdd`\x00\x00\x00\x00 :\xff \x01\r\xb8\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\xff\x02\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\xff\x00\x00B\x87\x00\xd3\xa4\x00\x00\x00\x00 \x01\r\xb8\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00B\x01\x01\x00\x00\n\x00\x00\x01' |>>
DEBUG:main:cpu = <CpuHeader task=ICMP6_NS ingress_port=1 type=0x86dd |<Raw load='`\x00\x00\x00\x00 :\xff \x01\r\xb8\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\xff\x02\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\xff\x00\x00B\x87\x00\xd3\xa4\x00\x00\x00\x00 \x01\r\xb8\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00B\x01\x01\x00\x00\n\x00\x00\x01' |>>
DEBUG:main:o=<Ether dst=33:33:ff:00:00:42 src=00:00:0a:00:00:01 type=0x86dd |<IPv6 version=6 tc=0 fl=0 plen=32 nh=ICMPv6 hlim=255 src=2001:db8::1 dst=ff02::1:ff00:42 |<ICMPv6ND_NS type=Neighbor Solicitation code=0 cksum=0xd3a4 res=0 tgt=2001:db8::42 |<ICMPv6NDOptSrcLLAddr type=1 len=1 lladdr=00:00:0a:00:00:01 |>>>>
DEBUG:main:Doing neighbor solicitation
DEBUG:main:INCOMING: <Ether dst=33:33:ff:00:00:42 src=00:00:0a:00:00:01 type=0x4242 |<Raw load='\x00\x01\x00\x01\x86\xdd`\x00\x00\x00\x00 :\xff \x01\r\xb8\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\xff\x02\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\xff\x00\x00B\x87\x00\xd3\xa4\x00\x00\x00\x00 \x01\r\xb8\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00B\x01\x01\x00\x00\n\x00\x00\x01' |>>
DEBUG:main:cpu = <CpuHeader task=ICMP6_NS ingress_port=1 type=0x86dd |<Raw load='`\x00\x00\x00\x00 :\xff \x01\r\xb8\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\xff\x02\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\xff\x00\x00B\x87\x00\xd3\xa4\x00\x00\x00\x00 \x01\r\xb8\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00B\x01\x01\x00\x00\n\x00\x00\x01' |>>
DEBUG:main:o=<Ether dst=33:33:ff:00:00:42 src=00:00:0a:00:00:01 type=0x86dd |<IPv6 version=6 tc=0 fl=0 plen=32 nh=ICMPv6 hlim=255 src=2001:db8::1 dst=ff02::1:ff00:42 |<ICMPv6ND_NS type=Neighbor Solicitation code=0 cksum=0xd3a4 res=0 tgt=2001:db8::42 |<ICMPv6NDOptSrcLLAddr type=1 len=1 lladdr=00:00:0a:00:00:01 |>>>>
DEBUG:main:Doing neighbor solicitation
***** DONE For other nodes -> multicast
***** TODO Maybe implement link local addresses (missing at the moment)
****** ff02::/??
****** rfc4861
"Neighbor Solicitation messages are multicast to the solicited-node
multicast address of the target address."
****** DONE multicasting / groups
******* create a group ("node") that contains "all other" ports
******* create a multicast group with an ID
******* associate the "node" with the multicast group ID
***** If destination is within ff02::1:ff00:0/104, multicast
**** DONE Make switch answer icmp6 echo request for
**** TODO Make switch answer icmp echo request for
**** TODO Introduce mixed mode: switch: icmp6 echo reply, controller: NDP
***** DONE try 1: reply seen, but checksum is incorrect
***** TODO try 2: analysing tagya checksumming code
static uint16_t ip6_checksum(struct ip6 *ip6, uint32_t data_len, uint8_t proto)
{
uint32_t sum = 0;
uint16_t *p;
int i;
for (i = 0, p = ip6->src.s6_addr16; i < 16; ++i)
sum += *p++;
sum += htonl(data_len) >> 16;
sum += htonl(data_len) & 0xffff;
sum += htons(proto);
while (sum > 0xffff)
sum = (sum & 0xffff) + (sum >> 16);
return ~sum;
}
static uint16_t convert_cksum(struct ip6 *ip6, struct ip4 *ip4)
{
uint32_t sum = 0;
uint16_t *p;
int i;
sum += ~ip4->src.s_addr >> 16;
sum += ~ip4->src.s_addr & 0xffff;
sum += ~ip4->dest.s_addr >> 16;
sum += ~ip4->dest.s_addr & 0xffff;
for (i = 0, p = ip6->src.s6_addr16; i < 16; ++i)
sum += *p++;
while (sum > 0xffff)
sum = (sum & 0xffff) + (sum >> 16);
return sum;
}
...
static int xlate_payload_4to6(struct pkt *p, struct ip6 *ip6)
{
uint16_t *tck;
uint16_t cksum;
if (p->ip4->flags_offset & htons(IP4_F_MASK))
return 0;
switch (p->data_proto) {
case 1:
cksum = ip6_checksum(ip6, htons(p->ip4->length) -
p->header_len, 58);
cksum = ones_add(p->icmp->cksum, cksum);
if (p->icmp->type == 8) {
p->icmp->type = 128;
p->icmp->cksum = ones_add(cksum, ~(128 - 8));
} else {
p->icmp->type = 129;
p->icmp->cksum = ones_add(cksum, ~(129 - 0));
}
return 0;
**** DONE Add default route for v6 hosts
p4@ubuntu:~/master-thesis$ mx h1 ip -6 r
sudo: unable to resolve host ubuntu
2001:db8::/64 dev h1-eth0 proto kernel metric 256 pref medium
fe80::/64 dev h1-eth0 proto kernel metric 256 pref medium
default via 2001:db8::42 dev h1-eth0 metric 1024 pref medium
p4@ubuntu:~/master-thesis$
**** TODO Add default route for v4 hosts
**** TODO Translate ipv6 --> ipv4 with a (freely programmable) prefix
***** TODO Insert prefix into switch
***** TODO Implement the calculation
***** TODO Sketch the flow for session handling for icmp6 w/o packet loss
- switch receives icmp6 packet for known prefix
- controller needs to create session entry (?)
**** TODO Translate icmp <-> icmp6
**** TODO Create table entry for mapping v4->v6 [net]
**** TODO Create table entry for mapping v6->v4 [net]
*** TODO Setup test VM [dual stack] for Jool:
*** TODO Setup test VM [dual stack] for tayga:
*** NAT64/NAT46 Features in jool and tayga
**** TODO Static 1:1 NAT46: translate from IPv4 to IPv6 with a table
***** TODO TCP
***** TODO UDP
***** TODO ICMP <-> ICMPv6
**** TODO Stateless Prefix based NAT64: IPv6 to IPv4 translation prefix based
***** Allows IPv6 hosts to reach the IPv4 Internet
**** See time table above
*** Additional features queue (to be discussed)
**** TODO Offset based translation (v4->v6) -> same as range (?)
**** TODO IP address learning (v6/v4) for real life switch? How do hosts find it?
** Thesis documentation
*** Motivation
TBD
*** Translation mechanisms
- v4 to v6 / vice versa
- Stateful / stateless
- static / dynamic
**** Explicit Address Mappings Table (EAMT)
Range based mapping tables
See https://www.jool.mx/en/eamt.html,
https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7757
*** Current state of the art tayga/jool
TBD
**** Tayga
- Single threaded
- Multi threaded work started due to initiative of ungleich /
Chrisrock [IPv6.chat]
**** Jool
- EAMT bidirectional only (!)
IPtables interaction
```
user@T:~# # Create a Jool iptables instance named "example."
user@T:~# # Also, establish that the IPv6 representation of any IPv4 address should be
user@T:~# # `2001:db8::<IPv4 address>`. (See sections below for examples.)
user@T:~# jool_siit instance add "example" --iptables --pool6 2001:db8::/96
user@T:~#
user@T:~# # Tell iptables which traffic should be handled by our newly-created instance:
user@T:~#
user@T:~# # IPv6: only packets from 2001:db8::198.51.100.8/125 to 2001:db8::192.0.2
user@T:~# ip6tables -t mangle -A PREROUTING \
> -s 2001:db8::198.51.100.8/125 -d 2001:db8::192.0.2.0/120 \
> -j JOOL_SIIT --instance "example"
user@T:~# # IPv4: Only packets from 192.0.2 to 198.51.100.8/29
user@T:~# iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING \
> -s 192.0.2.0/24 -d 198.51.100.8/29 \
> -j JOOL_SIIT --instance "example"
```
5656
**** Cisco (?)
*** P4 based implementation
TBD
**** General
- IPv6 subnet 2001:db8::/32
- IPv6 hosts are in 2001:db8:6::/64
- IPv6 default router (::/0) is 2001:db8:6::42/64
- IPv4 mapped Internet "NAT64 prefix" 2001:db8:4444::/96 (should
go into a table)
- IPv4 hosts are in 10.0.4.0/24
- IPv6 in IPv4 mapped hosts are in 10.0.6.0/24
- IPv4 default router = 10.0.0.42
**** Neighbor discover protocol
***** Initial log
- Matching on prefix & ingress port, setting multicast
Being forwarded:
p4@ubuntu:~/master-thesis$ mx h1 tcpdump -ni h1-eth0
sudo: unable to resolve host ubuntu
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on h1-eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 262144 bytes
^C14:59:22.871803 IP6 2001:db8:62::1 > ff02::1:ff00:2: ICMP6, neighbor solicitation, who has 2001:db8:62::2, length 32
14:59:23.863913 IP6 2001:db8:62::1 > ff02::1:ff00:2: ICMP6, neighbor solicitation, who has 2001:db8:62::2, length 32
14:59:24.864033 IP6 2001:db8:62::1 > ff02::1:ff00:2: ICMP6, neighbor solicitation, who has 2001:db8:62::2, length 32
3 packets captured
3 packets received by filter
0 packets dropped by kernel
But no answer yet!
root@ubuntu:~/master-thesis/p4app# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: h1-eth0@if123: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 9500 qdisc netem state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 00:00:0a:00:00:01 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0
inet6 2001:db8:62::2/64 scope global
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 2001:db8:61::1/64 scope global
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::200:aff:fe00:1/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
root@ubuntu:~/master-thesis/p4app#
Link local communication does not work:
root@ubuntu:~/master-thesis/p4app# ping6 -c1 fe80::200:aff:fe00:2%h1-eth0
PING fe80::200:aff:fe00:2%h1-eth0(fe80::200:aff:fe00:2) 56 data bytes
From fe80::200:aff:fe00:1 icmp_seq=1 Destination unreachable: Address unreachable
--- fe80::200:aff:fe00:2%h1-eth0 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 0 received, +1 errors, 100% packet loss, time 0ms
root@ubuntu:~/master-thesis/p4app#
Packet is received on the other host, but not answered. Why?
Real trace from my network:
18:48:17.008524 IP6 2a0a:e5c1:111:111:eb7:ffdb:e245:f712 > ff02::1:ffb7:e225: ICMP6, neighbor solicitation, who has 2a0a:e5c1:111:111:1016:3c5a:38b7:e225, length 32
18:48:18.015016 IP6 2a0a:e5c1:111:111:eb7:ffdb:e245:f712 > ff02::1:ffb7:e225: ICMP6, neighbor solicitation, who has 2a0a:e5c1:111:111:1016:3c5a:38b7:e225, length 32
18:48:18.031165 IP6 2a0a:e5c1:111:111:1016:3c5a:38b7:e225 > 2a0a:e5c1:111:111:eb7:ffdb:e245:f712: ICMP6, neighbor advertisement, tgt is 2a0a:e5c1:111:111:1016:3c5a:38b7:e225, length 32
18:48:18.031236 IP6 2a0a:e5c1:111:111:eb7:ffdb:e245:f712 > 2a0a:e5c1:111:111:1016:3c5a:38b7:e225: ICMP6, echo request, seq 1, length 64
18:48:18.031267 IP6 2a0a:e5c1:111:111:eb7:ffdb:e245:f712 > 2a0a:e5c1:111:111:1016:3c5a:38b7:e225: ICMP6, echo request, seq 2, length 64
18:48:18.131709 IP6 2a0a:e5c1:111:111:1016:3c5a:38b7:e225 > 2a0a:e5c1:111:111:eb7:ffdb:e245:f712: ICMP6, echo reply, seq 1, length 64
18:48:18.131732 IP6 2a0a:e5c1:111:111:1016:3c5a:38b7:e225 > 2a0a:e5c1:111:111:eb7:ffdb:e245:f712: ICMP6, echo reply, seq 2, length 64
root@ubuntu:~/master-thesis/p4app# cat /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/*/disable_ipv6
1
1
0
0
root@ubuntu:~/master-thesis/p4app#
root@ubuntu:~/master-thesis/p4app# ls -1 /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/*/disable_ipv6
/proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/all/disable_ipv6
/proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/default/disable_ipv6
/proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/h1-eth0/disable_ipv6
/proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/lo/disable_ipv6
root@ubuntu:~/master-thesis/p4app#
Works on mininet
mininet> h2 bash
root@line:~# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: h2-eth0@if93: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 32:0e:1e:bf:3c:4b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0
inet 10.0.0.2/8 brd 10.255.255.255 scope global h2-eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::300e:1eff:febf:3c4b/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
root@line:~# ip addr add 2001:db8:61::42/64 dev h2-eth0
root@line:~# ^Dexit
mininet> h1 bash
root@line:~# ip addr add 2001:db8:61::42/64^[[D^[[D^?^?^?^?^?^?^?^?^?^?^?^C^C
root@line:~# ^Dexit
mininet> h1 ip addr add 2001:db8:61::2/64 dev h1-eth0
mininet> h2 ping6 -c2 2001:db8:61::2
PING 2001:db8:61::2(2001:db8:61::2) 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 2001:db8:61::2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.230 ms
64 bytes from 2001:db8:61::2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.138 ms
--- 2001:db8:61::2 ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1018ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.138/0.184/0.230/0.046 ms
mininet>
mininet on VM also works
mininet> h1 ip addr add 2001:db8:61::1/64 dev h1-eth0
mininet> h2 ip addr add 2001:db8:61::2/64 dev h2-eth0
mininet> h2 ping6 -c2 2001:db8:61::2
PING 2001:db8:61::2(2001:db8:61::2) 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 2001:db8:61::2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.053 ms
64 bytes from 2001:db8:61::2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.082 ms
--- 2001:db8:61::2 ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 999ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.053/0.067/0.082/0.016 ms
mininet>
WORKING trace on mininet on the VM
19:38:49.852088 IP6 2001:db8:61::2 > ff02::1:ff00:1: ICMP6, neighbor solicitation, who has 2001:db8:61::1, length 32
19:38:49.852144 IP6 2001:db8:61::1 > 2001:db8:61::2: ICMP6, neighbor advertisement, tgt is 2001:db8:61::1, length 32
19:38:49.852163 IP6 2001:db8:61::2 > 2001:db8:61::1: ICMP6, echo request, seq 1, length 64
19:38:49.852176 IP6 2001:db8:61::1 > 2001:db8:61::2: ICMP6, echo reply, seq 1, length 64
checking ipv6 in p4-utils
p4@ubuntu:~/p4-utils$ grep -ri ipv6 .
./p4utils/mininetlib/p4_mininet.py: # disable IPv6
./p4utils/mininetlib/p4_mininet.py: self.cmd("sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6=1")
./p4utils/mininetlib/p4_mininet.py: self.cmd("sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6=1")
./p4utils/mininetlib/p4_mininet.py: self.cmd("sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.lo.disable_ipv6=1")
./p4utils/mininetlib/p4net.py: #remove Ipv6 for all the interfaces
./p4utils/mininetlib/p4net.py: cmd2 = "sysctl net.ipv6.conf.{0}.disable_ipv6=1"
./p4utils/mininetlib/p4net.py: #remove ipv6
Binary file ./p4utils/mininetlib/p4_mininet.pyc matches
Binary file ./p4utils/mininetlib/p4net.pyc matches
Binary file ./p4utils/utils/runtime_API.pyc matches
./p4utils/utils/runtime_API.py:class UIn_BadIPv6Error(UIn_Error):
./p4utils/utils/runtime_API.py:def ipv6Addr_to_bytes(addr):
./p4utils/utils/runtime_API.py: from ipaddr import IPv6Address
./p4utils/utils/runtime_API.py: ip = IPv6Address(addr)
./p4utils/utils/runtime_API.py: raise UIn_BadIPv6Error()
./p4utils/utils/runtime_API.py: raise UIn_BadIPv6Error()
./p4utils/utils/runtime_API.py: return ipv6Addr_to_bytes(input_str)
./p4utils/utils/runtime_API.py: except UIn_BadIPv6Error:
./p4utils/utils/runtime_API.py: raise UIn_BadParamError("Invalid IPv6 address")
p4@ubuntu:~/p4-utils$
Messages we see in the controller on startup
DEBUG:main:INCOMING: <Ether dst=33:33:00:00:00:16 src=00:00:0a:00:00:02 type=0x86dd |<IPv6 version=6 tc=0 fl=0 plen=56 nh=Hop-by-Hop Option Header hlim=1 src=:: dst=ff02::16 |<IPv6ExtHdrHopByHop nh=ICMPv6 len=0 autopad=On options=[<RouterAlert otype=Router Alert [00: skip, 0: Don't change en-route] optlen=2 value=Datagram contains a MLD message |>, <PadN otype=PadN [00: skip, 0: Don't change en-route] optlen=0 |>] |<ICMPv6MLReport2 type=MLD Report Version 2 res=0 cksum=0x6d6d reserved=0 records_number=2 records=[<ICMPv6MLDMultAddrRec rtype=4 auxdata_len=0 sources_number=0 dst=ff02::1:ff00:1 sources=[ ] auxdata='' |<ICMPv6MLDMultAddrRec rtype=4 auxdata_len=0 sources_number=0 dst=ff02::1:ff00:2 |>>] |>>>>
DEBUG:main:INCOMING: <Ether dst=33:33:00:00:00:16 src=00:01:0a:00:00:02 type=0x86dd |<IPv6 version=6 tc=0 fl=0 plen=36 nh=Hop-by-Hop Option Header hlim=1 src=fe80::201:aff:fe00:2 dst=ff02::16 |<IPv6ExtHdrHopByHop nh=ICMPv6 len=0 autopad=On options=[<RouterAlert otype=Router Alert [00: skip, 0: Don't change en-route] optlen=2 value=Datagram contains a MLD message |>, <PadN otype=PadN [00: skip, 0: Don't change en-route] optlen=0 |>] |<ICMPv6MLReport2 type=MLD Report Version 2 res=0 cksum=0x6604 reserved=0 records_number=1 records=[<ICMPv6MLDMultAddrRec rtype=4 auxdata_len=0 sources_number=0 dst=ff02::1:ff00:2 |>] |>>>>
DEBUG:main:INCOMING: <Ether dst=33:33:00:00:00:16 src=00:00:0a:00:00:01 type=0x86dd |<IPv6 version=6 tc=0 fl=0 plen=36 nh=Hop-by-Hop Option Header hlim=1 src=fe80::200:aff:fe00:1 dst=ff02::16 |<IPv6ExtHdrHopByHop nh=ICMPv6 len=0 autopad=On options=[<RouterAlert otype=Router Alert [00: skip, 0: Don't change en-route] optlen=2 value=Datagram contains a MLD message |>, <PadN otype=PadN [00: skip, 0: Don't change en-route] optlen=0 |>] |<ICMPv6MLReport2 type=MLD Report Version 2 res=0 cksum=0x6607 reserved=0 records_number=1 records=[<ICMPv6MLDMultAddrRec rtype=4 auxdata_len=0 sources_number=0 dst=ff02::1:ff00:1 |>] |>>>>
DEBUG:main:INCOMING: <Ether dst=33:33:00:00:00:02 src=00:00:0a:00:00:01 type=0x86dd |<IPv6 version=6 tc=0 fl=0 plen=16 nh=ICMPv6 hlim=255 src=fe80::200:aff:fe00:1 dst=ff02::2 |<ICMPv6ND_RS type=Router Solicitation code=0 cksum=0xf72e res=0 |<ICMPv6NDOptSrcLLAddr type=1 len=1 lladdr=00:00:0a:00:00:01 |>>>>
DEBUG:main:INCOMING: <Ether dst=33:33:00:00:00:16 src=00:00:0a:00:00:02 type=0x86dd |<IPv6 version=6 tc=0 fl=0 plen=56 nh=Hop-by-Hop Option Header hlim=1 src=:: dst=ff02::16 |<IPv6ExtHdrHopByHop nh=ICMPv6 len=0 autopad=On options=[<RouterAlert otype=Router Alert [00: skip, 0: Don't change en-route] optlen=2 value=Datagram contains a MLD message |>, <PadN otype=PadN [00: skip, 0: Don't change en-route] optlen=0 |>] |<ICMPv6MLReport2 type=MLD Report Version 2 res=0 cksum=0x6d6d reserved=0 records_number=2 records=[<ICMPv6MLDMultAddrRec rtype=4 auxdata_len=0 sources_number=0 dst=ff02::1:ff00:1 sources=[ ] auxdata='' |<ICMPv6MLDMultAddrRec rtype=4 auxdata_len=0 sources_number=0 dst=ff02::1:ff00:2 |>>] |>>>>
DEBUG:main:INCOMING: <Ether dst=33:33:00:00:00:16 src=00:00:0a:00:00:01 type=0x86dd |<IPv6 version=6 tc=0 fl=0 plen=36 nh=Hop-by-Hop Option Header hlim=1 src=fe80::200:aff:fe00:1 dst=ff02::16 |<IPv6ExtHdrHopByHop nh=ICMPv6 len=0 autopad=On options=[<RouterAlert otype=Router Alert [00: skip, 0: Don't change en-route] optlen=2 value=Datagram contains a MLD message |>, <PadN otype=PadN [00: skip, 0: Don't change en-route] optlen=0 |>] |<ICMPv6MLReport2 type=MLD Report Version 2 res=0 cksum=0x6607 reserved=0 records_number=1 records=[<ICMPv6MLDMultAddrRec rtype=4 auxdata_len=0 sources_number=0 dst=ff02::1:ff00:1 |>] |>>>>
DEBUG:main:INCOMING: <Ether dst=33:33:00:00:00:16 src=00:00:0a:00:00:02 type=0x86dd |<IPv6 version=6 tc=0 fl=0 plen=56 nh=Hop-by-Hop Option Header hlim=1 src=fe80::200:aff:fe00:2 dst=ff02::16 |<IPv6ExtHdrHopByHop nh=ICMPv6 len=0 autopad=On options=[<RouterAlert otype=Router Alert [00: skip, 0: Don't change en-route] optlen=2 value=Datagram contains a MLD message |>, <PadN otype=PadN [00: skip, 0: Don't change en-route] optlen=0 |>] |<ICMPv6MLReport2 type=MLD Report Version 2 res=0 cksum=0x63ea reserved=0 records_number=2 records=[<ICMPv6MLDMultAddrRec rtype=4 auxdata_len=0 sources_number=0 dst=ff02::1:ff00:1 sources=[ ] auxdata='' |<ICMPv6MLDMultAddrRec rtype=4 auxdata_len=0 sources_number=0 dst=ff02::1:ff00:2 |>>] |>>>>
DEBUG:main:INCOMING: <Ether dst=33:33:00:00:00:02 src=00:00:0a:00:00:02 type=0x86dd |<IPv6 version=6 tc=0 fl=0 plen=16 nh=ICMPv6 hlim=255 src=fe80::200:aff:fe00:2 dst=ff02::2 |<ICMPv6ND_RS type=Router Solicitation code=0 cksum=0xf72d res=0 |<ICMPv6NDOptSrcLLAddr type=1 len=1 lladdr=00:00:0a:00:00:02 |>>>>
DEBUG:main:INCOMING: <Ether dst=33:33:00:00:00:16 src=00:00:0a:00:00:02 type=0x86dd |<IPv6 version=6 tc=0 fl=0 plen=56 nh=Hop-by-Hop Option Header hlim=1 src=fe80::200:aff:fe00:2 dst=ff02::16 |<IPv6ExtHdrHopByHop nh=ICMPv6 len=0 autopad=On options=[<RouterAlert otype=Router Alert [00: skip, 0: Don't change en-route] optlen=2 value=Datagram contains a MLD message |>, <PadN otype=PadN [00: skip, 0: Don't change en-route] optlen=0 |>] |<ICMPv6MLReport2 type=MLD Report Version 2 res=0 cksum=0x63ea reserved=0 records_number=2 records=[<ICMPv6MLDMultAddrRec rtype=4 auxdata_len=0 sources_number=0 dst=ff02::1:ff00:1 sources=[ ] auxdata='' |<ICMPv6MLDMultAddrRec rtype=4 auxdata_len=0 sources_number=0 dst=ff02::1:ff00:2 |>>] |>>>>
DEBUG:main:INCOMING: <Ether dst=33:33:00:00:00:02 src=00:00:0a:00:00:01 type=0x86dd |<IPv6 version=6 tc=0 fl=0 plen=16 nh=ICMPv6 hlim=255 src=fe80::200:aff:fe00:1 dst=ff02::2 |<ICMPv6ND_RS type=Router Solicitation code=0 cksum=0xf72e res=0 |<ICMPv6NDOptSrcLLAddr type=1 len=1 lladdr=00:00:0a:00:00:01 |>>>>
DEBUG:main:INCOMING: <Ether dst=33:33:00:00:00:02 src=00:00:0a:00:00:02 type=0x86dd |<IPv6 version=6 tc=0 fl=0 plen=16 nh=ICMPv6 hlim=255 src=fe80::200:aff:fe00:2 dst=ff02::2 |<ICMPv6ND_RS type=Router Solicitation code=0 cksum=0xf72d res=0 |<ICMPv6NDOptSrcLLAddr type=1 len=1 lladdr=00:00:0a:00:00:02 |>>>>
DEBUG:main:INCOMING: <Ether dst=33:33:00:00:00:02 src=00:00:0a:00:00:01 type=0x86dd |<IPv6 version=6 tc=0 fl=0 plen=16 nh=ICMPv6 hlim=255 src=fe80::200:aff:fe00:1 dst=ff02::2 |<ICMPv6ND_RS type=Router Solicitation code=0 cksum=0xf72e res=0 |<ICMPv6NDOptSrcLLAddr type=1 len=1 lladdr=00:00:0a:00:00:01 |>>>>
DEBUG:main:INCOMING: <Ether dst=33:33:00:00:00:02 src=00:00:0a:00:00:02 type=0x86dd |<IPv6 version=6 tc=0 fl=0 plen=16 nh=ICMPv6 hlim=255 src=fe80::200:aff:fe00:2 dst=ff02::2 |<ICMPv6ND_RS type=Router Solicitation code=0 cksum=0xf72d res=0 |<ICMPv6NDOptSrcLLAddr type=1 len=1 lladdr=00:00:0a:00:00:02 |>>>>
***** Ignored ICMPv6 packets
We are not using router advertisements, so we ignore RS packets
DEBUG:main:INCOMING: <Ether dst=33:33:00:00:00:02 src=00:00:0a:00:00:01 type=0x86dd |<IPv6 version=6 tc=0 fl=0 plen=16 nh=ICMPv6 hlim=255 src=fe80::200:aff:fe00:1 dst=ff02::2 |<ICMPv6ND_RS type=Router Solicitation code=0 cksum=0xf72e res=0 |<ICMPv6NDOptSrcLLAddr type=1 len=1 lladdr=00:00:0a:00:00:01 |>>>>
***** Double table entries due to collision
- NDP: last 24 bit
- Switch has same ending address in different networks -> equal
last 24 bit
- results in trying to add multicast address multiple times
Adding entry to exact match table v6_addresses
match key: EXACT-ff:02:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:01:ff:00:00:42
action: controller_reply
runtime data: 00:01
Invalid table operation (DUPLICATE_ENTRY)
Adding entry to exact match table v6_addresses
match key: EXACT-ff:02:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:01:ff:00:00:43
action: controller_reply
runtime data: 00:01
Invalid table operation (DUPLICATE_ENTRY)
Adding entry to exact match table v6_addresses
match key: EXACT-20:01:0d:b8:00:00:00:01:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:43
action: icmp6_echo_reply
runtime data:
Entry has been added with handle 5
**** Static mappings
- likely need table(s)
- need tcp & udp translation
**** ICMPv6
Different lengths possible
[20:35] line:~% ping -6 -s 20 ::1
PING ::1(::1) 20 data bytes
28 bytes from ::1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.045 ms
28 bytes from ::1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.064 ms
^C
--- ::1 ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1018ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.045/0.054/0.064/0.012 ms
[20:36] line:~% ping -6 -s 80 ::1
PING ::1(::1) 80 data bytes
88 bytes from ::1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.053 ms
88 bytes from ::1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.095 ms
^C
--- ::1 ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1001ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.053/0.074/0.095/0.021 ms
[20:36] line:~%
Different checksum in most packets.
root@ubuntu:~/master-thesis# ip -6 neigh show
root@ubuntu:~/master-thesis# ip -6 neigh add 2001:db8:61::42 dev h1-eth0 lladdr 00:00:0a:00:00:42
root@ubuntu:~/master-thesis# ip -6 neigh show
2001:db8:61::42 dev h1-eth0 lladdr 00:00:0a:00:00:42 PERMANENT
root@ubuntu:~/master-thesis#
root@ubuntu:~/master-thesis# tcpdump -ni h1-eth0
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on h1-eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 262144 bytes
^C20:22:43.944152 IP6 2001:db8:61::1 > 2001:db8:61::42: ICMP6, echo request, seq 1, length 64
20:22:43.945992 IP6 2001:db8:61::1 > 2001:db8:61::42: ICMP6, echo request, seq 1, length 64
20:22:44.952453 IP6 2001:db8:61::1 > 2001:db8:61::42: ICMP6, echo request, seq 2, length 64
20:22:44.953995 IP6 2001:db8:61::1 > 2001:db8:61::42: ICMP6, echo request, seq 2, length 64
4 packets captured
4 packets received by filter
0 packets dropped by kernel
root@ubuntu:~/master-thesis#
***** When pinging we see
DEBUG:main:INCOMING: <Ether dst=33:33:ff:00:00:42 src=00:00:0a:00:00:01 type=0x86dd |<IPv6 version=6 tc=0 fl=0 plen=32 nh=ICMPv6 hlim=255 src=2001:db8:61::1 dst=ff02::1:ff00:42 |<ICMPv6ND_NS type=Neighbor Solicitation code=0 cksum=0xd343 res=0 tgt=2001:db8:61::42 |<ICMPv6NDOptSrcLLAddr type=1 len=1 lladdr=00:00:0a:00:00:01 |>>>>
DEBUG:main:INCOMING: <Ether dst=33:33:ff:00:00:42 src=00:00:0a:00:00:01 type=0x86dd |<IPv6 version=6 tc=0 fl=0 plen=32 nh=ICMPv6 hlim=255 src=2001:db8:61::1 dst=ff02::1:ff00:42 |<ICMPv6ND_NS type=Neighbor Solicitation code=0 cksum=0xd343 res=0 tgt=2001:db8:61::42 |<ICMPv6NDOptSrcLLAddr type=1 len=1 lladdr=00:00:0a:00:00:01 |>>>>
DEBUG:main:INCOMING: <Ether dst=33:33:ff:00:00:42 src=00:00:0a:00:00:01 type=0x86dd |<IPv6 version=6 tc=0 fl=0 plen=32 nh=ICMPv6 hlim=255 src=2001:db8:61::1 dst=ff02::1:ff00:42 |<ICMPv6ND_NS type=Neighbor Solicitation code=0 cksum=0xd343 res=0 tgt=2001:db8:61::42 |<ICMPv6NDOptSrcLLAddr type=1 len=1 lladdr=00:00:0a:00:00:01 |>>>>
***** Hosts
****** Left side: IPv6
****** Right side: IPv4
***** Included in the header
**** Requirements
*** Performance comparison
*** Feature/Functionality difference / overview / Challenges in P4
**** ICMP6: checksum over payload
- variable length, up to 65k
**** Synchronisation with the controller
- Double data type definition -> might differ
- TYPE_CPU for ethernet
- Port ingress offset (9 vs. 16 bit)
**** Not included
- DNS64 - has already been solved in a different domain
*** References / Follow up
**** RFC 2460 IPv6 (Checksum https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2460#section-8.1)
**** RFC 3810 MLD2 https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3810
**** RFC 4443 ICMPv6 https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4443
**** RFC 4861: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4861 Neighbor discovery
**** RFC 6052: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6052 IPv6 Addressing of IPv4/IPv6 Translators
**** RFC 6586 for deployment experiences using Stateful NAT64.
**** RFC 7757 Explicit Address Mappings for Stateless IP/ICMP Translation
**** EAMT/Jool: https://www.jool.mx/en/eamt.html
**** Solicited node multicast address https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solicited-node_multicast_address
**** Scapy / IPv6: https://www.idsv6.de/Downloads/IPv6PacketCreationWithScapy.pdf
**** V1 model: https://github.com/p4lang/p4c/blob/master/p4include/v1model.p4
**** Cisco NAT64 https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/ios-xml/ios/ipaddr_nat/configuration/xe-3s/nat-xe-3s-book/iadnat-stateful-nat64.pdf
* Proposal / task description
** Task description for mystudies
*** High speed NAT64 with P4
Currently there are two main open source NAT64 solution available:
tayga and jool. The former is a single threaded, cpu bound user
space solution, the latter a custom Linux kernel module.
This thesis challenges this status quo by developing a P4 based
solution supporting all features of jool/tayga and comparing the
performance, security and adaptivity of the solutions.
- Milestone 1: Stateless NAT64/NAT46 translations in P4
- Milestone 2: Stateful (dynamic) NAT64/NAT46 translations
- Milestone 3: Hardware adaption
** Original ideas
Proposal 1: Automating NAT64 with P4
In IPv6 only data centers IPv4 connectivity is still a business
requirement. Current state of the art methods include layer 7 proxying
or static assignments. both featuring static assignments.
A flexible, dynamic assignment of IPv4 addresses to IPv6 hosts, similar
to lease times in DHCPv4 and prefix delegations in DHCPv6 could reduce
the pressure on IPv4 addresses.
I would suggest the develop of a new protocol (likely UDP embedded) that
allows hosts to request on-network support for IPv4 addresses. As IPv4
addresses have to be treated as "expensive", an accounting metric has to
be introduced. While in the business world this is usually related to
money, in the network world IPv4 users could be paying the network by
(reduced) bandwidth.
If such a metric existed, devices attached to the network could also try
to negotiate and wait for using IPv4, when the price / penality for IPv4
is low (this might be very suitable for mail exchangers for instance).
Proposal 2: High speed NAT64 with P4
Currently there are two main open source NAT64 solution available:
tayga[0] and jool[1]. The former is a single threaded, cpu bound user
space solution, the latter a custom Linux kernel module.
I would like to challenge this status quo and develop a P4 based
solution supporting all features of jool/tayga and comparing the
performance and adaptivity of the solutions.
[0] http://www.litech.org/tayga/
[1] https://www.jool.mx/en/index.html
Proposal 3: Challenging the status quo with IPv10
The de facto standard in networking is to treat IPv4
and IPv6 as "impossible to combine". This proposal is
to challenge this notion with three different methods:
- Extensions to IPv4 to request remote IPv6 transport
- Extensions to IPv6 to request remote IPv4 transport
- Support in network equipment to handle the extensions
As the IPv4 header does not allow embedding IPv6 addresses due to size
limitations, embedding the destination address in a secondary header
might be necessary (possibly encapsulated in UDP).
* Detail LOG
** 2019-02-28
*** pinging in router mode: nothing shown in the controller, multicast forwarded -> "ok"
root@ubuntu:~/master-thesis/p4app# ping6 -c1 2001:db8:61::42
PING 2001:db8:61::42(2001:db8:61::42) 56 data bytes
From 2001:db8:61::1 icmp_seq=1 Destination unreachable: Address unreachable
--- 2001:db8:61::42 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 0 received, +1 errors, 100% packet loss, time 0ms
root@ubuntu:~/master-thesis/p4app#
sudo: unable to resolve host ubuntu
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on h1-eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 262144 bytes
09:47:07.191569 IP6 2001:db8:61::1 > ff02::1:ff00:42: ICMP6, neighbor solicitation, who has 2001:db8:61::42, length 32
09:47:08.190331 IP6 2001:db8:61::1 > ff02::1:ff00:42: ICMP6, neighbor solicitation, who has 2001:db8:61::42, length 32
09:47:09.190279 IP6 2001:db8:61::1 > ff02::1:ff00:42: ICMP6, neighbor solicitation, who has 2001:db8:61::42, length 32
*** TODO special rule for ff02::1:ff00:42
Semi works, replies are there, but host still retries:
p4@ubuntu:~/master-thesis$ h=1; mx h$h tcpdump -lni h$h-eth0
sudo: unable to resolve host ubuntu
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on h1-eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 262144 bytes
09:58:04.786979 IP6 2001:db8:61::1 > ff02::1:ff00:42: ICMP6, neighbor solicitation, who has 2001:db8:61::42, length 32
09:58:04.793560 IP6 2001:db8:61::42 > 2001:db8:61::1: ICMP6, neighbor advertisement, tgt is 2001:db8:61::42, length 32
09:58:05.786311 IP6 2001:db8:61::1 > ff02::1:ff00:42: ICMP6, neighbor solicitation, who has 2001:db8:61::42, length 32
09:58:05.790506 IP6 2001:db8:61::42 > 2001:db8:61::1: ICMP6, neighbor advertisement, tgt is 2001:db8:61::42, length 32
09:58:06.786254 IP6 2001:db8:61::1 > ff02::1:ff00:42: ICMP6, neighbor solicitation, who has 2001:db8:61::42, length 32
09:58:06.792325 IP6 2001:db8:61::42 > 2001:db8:61::1: ICMP6, neighbor advertisement, tgt is 2001:db8:61::42, length 32
Maybe checksums?
Reference in a new issue View git blame Copy permalink