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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="cdist-intro.html">1. cdist - usable configuration management</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="cdist-why.html">2. Why should I use cdist?</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="cdist-messaging.html">15. Messaging</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1 current"><a class="current reference internal" href="#">16. Parallelization</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="#description">16.1. Description</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="#examples">16.2. Examples</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="#caveats">16.3. Caveats</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="cdist-best-practice.html">18. Best practice</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="cdist-stages.html">19. Execution stages</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="cdist-remote-exec-copy.html">20. Remote exec and copy commands</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="cdist-hacker.html">21. Hacking</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="cdist-troubleshooting.html">22. Troubleshooting</a></li>
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<li>16. Parallelization</li>
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<div class="section" id="parallelization">
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<h1>16. Parallelization<a class="headerlink" href="#parallelization" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
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<div class="section" id="description">
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<h2>16.1. Description<a class="headerlink" href="#description" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
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<p>cdist has two modes of parallel operation.</p>
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<p>One of them is to operate on each host in separate process. This is enabled
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with <strong>-p/--parallel</strong> option.</p>
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<p>The other way is to operate in parallel within one host where you specify
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the number of jobs. This is enabled with <strong>-j/--jobs</strong> option where you
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can specify the number of parallel jobs. By default,
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<strong>multiprocessing.cpu_count()</strong> is used. For this mode only global
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explorers are currently supported and this option is still in <strong>beta</strong>.</p>
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<p>You can, of course, use those two options together. This means that each host
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will be processed by its own process. Within each process cdist will operate
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using specified number of parallel jobs.</p>
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<p>For more info on those options see <strong>cdist</strong>(1).</p>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="examples">
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<h2>16.2. Examples<a class="headerlink" href="#examples" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
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<div class="highlight-sh"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># Configure hosts read from file hosts.file in parallel</span>
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$ cdist config -p -f hosts.file
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<span class="c1"># Configure hosts read from file hosts.file sequentially but using default</span>
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<span class="c1"># number of parallel jobs</span>
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$ cdist config -b -j -f hosts.file
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<span class="c1"># Configure hosts read from file hosts.file in parallel using 16</span>
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<span class="c1"># parallel jobs</span>
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$ cdist config -b -j <span class="m">16</span> -p -f hosts.file
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="caveats">
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<h2>16.3. Caveats<a class="headerlink" href="#caveats" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
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<p>When operating in parallel, either by operating in parallel for each host
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(-p/--parallel) or by parallel jobs within a host (-j/--jobs), and depending
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on target SSH server and its configuration you may encounter connection drops.
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This is controlled with sshd :strong:MaxStartups configuration options.
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You may also encounter session open refusal. This happens with ssh multiplexing
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when you reach maximum number of open sessions permitted per network
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connection. In this case ssh will disable multiplexing.
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This limit is controlled with sshd :strong:MaxSessions configuration
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options. For more details refer to <strong>sshd_config</strong>(5).</p>
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<p>For example, if you reach <strong>MaxSessions</strong> sessions you may get the
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following output:</p>
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<div class="highlight-sh"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ cdist config -b -j <span class="m">11</span> -v 78.47.116.244
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INFO: cdist: version 4.2.2-55-g640b7f9
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INFO: 78.47.116.244: Running global explorers
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INFO: 78.47.116.244: Remote transfer in <span class="m">11</span> parallel <span class="nb">jobs</span>
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channel 22: open failed: administratively prohibited: open failed
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mux_client_request_session: session request failed: Session open refused by peer
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ControlSocket /tmp/tmpuah6fw_t/d886d4b7e4425a102a54bfaff4d2288b/ssh-control-path already exists, disabling multiplexing
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INFO: 78.47.116.244: Running global explorers in <span class="m">11</span> parallel <span class="nb">jobs</span>
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channel 22: open failed: administratively prohibited: open failed
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mux_client_request_session: session request failed: Session open refused by peer
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ControlSocket /tmp/tmpuah6fw_t/d886d4b7e4425a102a54bfaff4d2288b/ssh-control-path already exists, disabling multiplexing
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INFO: 78.47.116.244: Running initial manifest /tmp/tmpuah6fw_t/d886d4b7e4425a102a54bfaff4d2288b/data/conf/manifest/init
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INFO: 78.47.116.244: Running manifest and explorers <span class="k">for</span> __file/root/host.file
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INFO: 78.47.116.244: Generating code <span class="k">for</span> __file/root/host.file
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INFO: 78.47.116.244: Finished successful run in 18.655028820037842 seconds
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INFO: cdist: Total processing <span class="nb">time</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="m">1</span> host<span class="o">(</span>s<span class="o">)</span>: 19.159148693084717
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</pre></div>
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