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uncloud/doc/uncloud-manual-2020-08-01.org
Nico Schottelius e03cdf214a update VAT importer
2020-10-08 19:54:04 +02:00

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* Bootstrap / Installation
** Pre-requisites by operating system
*** Alpine
#+BEGIN_SRC sh
apk add openldap-dev postgresql-dev libxml2-dev libxslt-dev
#+END_SRC
*** Debian/Devuan:
#+BEGIN_SRC sh
apt install postgresql-server-dev-all
#+END_SRC
** Creating a virtual environment / installing python requirements
*** Virtual env
To separate uncloud requirements, you can use a python virtual
env as follows:
#+BEGIN_SRC sh
python3 -m venv venv
. ./venv/bin/activate
#+END_SRC
Then install the requirements
#+BEGIN_SRC sh
pip install -r requirements.txt
#+END_SRC
** Setting up the the database
*** Install the database service
The database can run on the same host as uncloud, but can also run
a different server. Consult the usual postgresql documentation for
a secure configuration.
**** Alpine
#+BEGIN_SRC sh
apk add postgresql-server
rc-update add postgresql
rc-service postgresql start`
#+END_SRC
**** Debian/Devuan:
#+BEGIN_SRC sh
apt install postgresql
#+END_SRC
*** Create the database
Due to the use of the JSONField, postgresql is required.
To get started,
create a database and have it owned by the user that runs uncloud
(usually "uncloud"):
#+BEGIN_SRC sh
bridge:~# su - postgres
bridge:~$ psql
postgres=# create role uncloud login;
postgres=# create database uncloud owner nico;
#+END_SRC
*** Creating the schema
#+BEGIN_SRC sh
python manage.py migrate
#+END_SRC
** Bootstrap
- Login via a user so that the user object gets created
- Run the following (replace nicocustomer with the username)
#+BEGIN_SRC sh
python manage.py bootstrap-user --username nicocustomer
#+END_SRC
** Initialise the database
While it is not strictly required to add default values to the
database, it might significantly reduce the starting time with
uncloud.
To add the default database values run:
#+BEGIN_SRC shell
# Add local objects
python manage.py db-add-defaults
# Import VAT rates
python manage.py import-vat-rates
#+END_SRC
* Testing / CLI Access
Access via the commandline (CLI) can be done using curl or
httpie. In our examples we will use httpie.
** Checkout out the API
#+BEGIN_SRC sh
http localhost:8000/api/
#+END_SRC
** Authenticate via ldap user in password store
#+BEGIN_SRC sh
http --auth nicocustomer:$(pass ldap/nicocustomer) localhost:8000/api/
#+END_SRC
* Database
** uncloud clients access the data base from a variety of outside hosts
** So the postgresql data base needs to be remotely accessible
** Instead of exposing the tcp socket, we make postgresql bind to localhost via IPv6
*** ::1, port 5432
** Then we remotely connect to the database server with ssh tunneling
*** ssh -L5432:localhost:5432 uncloud-database-host
** Configuring your database for SSH based remote access
*** host all all ::1/128 trust
* URLs
- api/ - the rest API
* uncloud Products
** Product features
- Dependencies on other products
- Minimum parameters (min cpu, min ram, etc).
- Can also realise the dcl vm
- dualstack vm = VM + IPv4 + SSD
- Need to have a non-misguiding name for the "bare VM"
- Should support network boot (?)
** VPN
*** How to add a new VPN Host
**** Install wireguard to the host
**** Install uncloud to the host
**** Add `python manage.py vpn --hostname fqdn-of-this-host` to the crontab
**** Use the CLI to configure one or more VPN Networks for this host
*** Example of adding a VPN host at ungleich
**** Create a new dual stack alpine VM
**** Add it to DNS as vpn-XXX.ungleich.ch
**** Route a /40 network to its IPv6 address
**** Install wireguard on it
**** TODO [#C] Enable wireguard on boot
**** TODO [#C] Create a new VPNPool on uncloud with
***** the network address (selecting from our existing pool)
***** the network size (/...)
***** the vpn host that provides the network (selecting the created VM)
***** the wireguard private key of the vpn host (using wg genkey)
***** http command
```
http -a nicoschottelius:$(pass
ungleich.ch/nico.schottelius@ungleich.ch)
http://localhost:8000/admin/vpnpool/ network=2a0a:e5c1:200:: \
network_size=40 subnetwork_size=48
vpn_hostname=vpn-2a0ae5c1200.ungleich.ch
wireguard_private_key=...
```
*** Example http commands / REST calls
**** creating a new vpn pool
http -a nicoschottelius:$(pass
ungleich.ch/nico.schottelius@ungleich.ch)
http://localhost:8000/admin/vpnpool/ network_size=40
subnetwork_size=48 network=2a0a:e5c1:200::
vpn_hostname=vpn-2a0ae5c1200.ungleich.ch wireguard_private_key=$(wg
genkey)
**** Creating a new vpn network
*** Creating a VPN pool
#+BEGIN_SRC sh
http -a uncloudadmin:$(pass uncloudadmin) https://localhost:8000/v1/admin/vpnpool/ \
network=2a0a:e5c1:200:: network_size=40 subnetwork_size=48 \
vpn_hostname=vpn-2a0ae5c1200.ungleich.ch wireguard_private_key=$(wg genkey)
#+END_SRC
This will create the VPNPool 2a0a:e5c1:200::/40 from which /48
networks will be used for clients.
VPNPools can only be managed by staff.
*** Managing VPNNetworks
To request a network as a client, use the following call:
#+BEGIN_SRC sh
http -a user:$(pass user) https://localhost:8000/v1/net/vpn/ \
network_size=48 \
wireguard_public_key=$(wg genkey | tee privatekey | wg pubkey)
```
VPNNetworks can be managed by all authenticated users.
* Developer Handbook
The following section describe decisions / architecture of
uncloud. These chapters are intended to be read by developers.
** Documentation
This documentation is written in org-mode. To compile it to
html/pdf, just open emacs and press *C-c C-e l p*.
** Models
*** Bill
Bills are summarising usage in a specific timeframe. Bills usually
spawn one month.
*** BillRecord
Bill records are used to model the usage of one order during the
timeframe.
*** Order
Orders register the intent of a user to buy something. They might
refer to a product. (???)
Order register the one time price and the recurring price. These
fields should be treated as immutable. If they need to be modified,
a new order that replaces the current order should be created.
**** Replacing orders
If an order is updated, a new order is created and points to the
old order. The old order stops one second before the new order
starts.
If a order has been replaced can be seen by its replaced_by count:
#+BEGIN_SRC sh
>>> Order.objects.get(id=1).replaced_by.count()
1
#+END_SRC
*** Product and Product Children
- A product describes something a user can buy
- A product inherits from the uncloud_pay.models.Product model to
get basic attributes
** Identifiers
*** Problem description
Identifiers can be integers, strings or other objects. They should
be unique.
*** Approach 1: integers
Integers are somewhat easy to remember, but also include
predictable growth, which might allow access to guessed hacking
(obivously proper permissions should prevent this).
*** Approach 2: random uuids
UUIDs are 128 bit integers. Python supports uuid.uuid4() for random
uuids.
*** Approach 3: IPv6 addresses
uncloud heavily depends on IPv6 in the first place. uncloud could
use a /48 to identify all objects. Objects that have IPv6 addresses
on their own, don't need to draw from the system /48.
**** Possible Subnetworks
Assuming uncloud uses a /48 to represent all resources.
| Network | Name | Description |
|-----------------+-----------------+----------------------------------------------|
| 2001:db8::/48 | uncloud network | All identifiers drawn from here |
| 2001:db8:1::/64 | VM network | Every VM has an IPv6 address in this network |
| 2001:db8:2::/64 | Bill network | Every bill has an IPv6 address |
| 2001:db8:3::/64 | Order network | Every order has an IPv6 address |
| 2001:db8:5::/64 | Product network | Every product (?) has an IPv6 address |
| 2001:db8:4::/64 | Disk network | Every disk is identified |
**** Tests
[15:47:37] black3.place6:~# rbd create -s 10G ssd/2a0a:e5c0:1::8
*** Decision
We use integers, because they are easy.
** Milestones :uncloud:
*** 1.1 (cleanup 1)
****
*** 1.0 (initial release)
**** TODO Initial Generic product support
- Product
***** TODO Recurring product support
****** TODO Support replacing orders for updates
****** DONE [#A] Finish split of bill creation
CLOSED: [2020-09-11 Fri 23:19]
****** TODO Test the new functions in the Order class
****** Define the correct order replacement logic
Assumption:
- recurringperiods are 30days
******* Case 1: downgrading
- User commits to 10 CHF for 30 days
- Wants to downgrade after 15 days to 5 CHF product
- Expected result:
- order 1: 10 CHF until +30days
- order 2: 5 CHF starting 30days + 1s
- Sum of the two orders is 15 CHF
- Question is
- when is the VM shutdown?
- a) instantly
- b) at the end of the cycle
- best solution
- user can choose between a ... b any time
******* Duration
- You cannot cancel the duration
- You can upgrade and with that cancel the duration
- The idea of a duration is that you commit for it
- If you want to commit lower (daily basis for instance) you
have higher per period prices
******* Case X
- User has VM with 2 Core / 2 GB RAM
- User modifies with to 1 core / 3 GB RAM
- We treat it as down/upgrade independent of the modifications
******* Case 2: upgrading after 1 day
- committed for 30 days
- upgrade after 1 day
- so first order will be charged for 1/30ths
******* Case 2: upgrading
- User commits to 10 CHF for 30 days
- Wants to upgrade after 15 days to 20 CHF product
- Order 1 : 1 VM with 2 Core / 2 GB / 10 SSD -- 10 CHF
- 30days period, stopped after 15, so quantity is 0.5 = 5 CHF
- Order 2 : 1 VM with 2 Core / 6 GB / 10 SSD -- 20 CHF
- after 15 days
- VM is upgraded instantly
- Expected result:
- order 1: 10 CHF until +15days = 0.5 units = 5 CHF
- order 2: 20 CHF starting 15days + 1s ... +30 days after
the 15 days -> 45 days = 1 unit = 20 CHF
- Total on bill: 25 CHF
******* Case 2: upgrading
- User commits to 10 CHF for 30 days
- Wants to upgrade after 15 days to 20 CHF product
- Expected result:
- order 1: 10 CHF until +30days = 1 units = 10 CHF
- order 2: 20 CHF starting 15days + 1s = 1 unit = 20 CHF
- Total on bill: 30 CHF
****** TODO Note: ending date not set if replaced by default (implicit!)
- Should the new order modify the old order on save()?
****** DONE Fix totally wrong bill dates in our test case
CLOSED: [2020-09-09 Wed 01:00]
- 2020 used instead of 2019
- Was due to existing test data ...
***** TODO Bill logic is still wrong
- Bill starting_date is the date of the first order
- However first encountered order does not have to be the
earliest in the bill!
- Bills should not have a duration
- Bills should only have a (unique) issue date
- We charge based on bill_records
- Last time charged issue date of the bill OR earliest date
after that
- Every bill generation checks all (relevant) orders
- add a flag "not_for_billing" or "closed"
- query on that flag
- verify it every time
***** TODO Generating bill for admins/staff
-
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