120 lines
3.9 KiB
Markdown
120 lines
3.9 KiB
Markdown
[[!meta title="Great Rails Hosting: A symlink for an app"]]
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## Introduction
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As [[!ungleich]] focusses on educated customers,
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we meet pretty cool infrastructures from time to time.
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In some sense I count [[!localch]]
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as a customer: they supported me with one day off
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per week so I was able to found [[!ungleich]]
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and acquire first customers.
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This article is dedicated to [[!localch]] and describes
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a very elegant solution for Ruby on Rails hosting.
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## Overview
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The setup consists of the following services, glued
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together in an elegant way:
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* [[!nginx]]
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* [[!unicorn]]
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* [[!bind]]
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* [[!capistrano]]
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* Symlinks
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## Nginx
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The great trick of the setup is that nginx is used to forward requests
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to a unix socket that depends on the **hostname**, which is
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exposed as **$host** by nginx. The following
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configuration snippet contains the important parts:
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server {
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listen 80;
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location @error_page {
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root /var/nginx/$host/current/public;
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internal;
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[...]
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location ~ "^/assets/.*-[a-z0-9]{32}.\w+" {
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root /var/nginx/$host/current/public;
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[...]
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location ~ ^/assets/ {
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root /var/nginx/$host/current/public;
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[...]
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root /var/nginx/$host/current/public;
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location @unicorn {
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proxy_pass http://unix:/var/nginx/$host/unicorn.sock;
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# Forward original host name to be seen in unicorn
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proxy_set_header Host $host;
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# Server name and address like being available in PHP
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proxy_set_header SERVER_NAME $server_name;
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proxy_set_header SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;
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# The real client IP address - header has ben setup by Zeus
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proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $http_x_cluster_client_ip;
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# Needed second header for rails - See SYS-1587
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proxy_set_header X_FORWARDED_FOR $http_x_cluster_client_ip;
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As you can see, all paths are dependent on the actual hostname
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as setup by nginx.
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## Application Deployment
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Applications are deployed under their project name below
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**/var/nginx**
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(like **ws-locomotive.dev-deploy** or **ws-locomotive.master**).
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As you can see from the naming, developers can deploy one application
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from different branches easily (dev-deploy and master branches is this
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case).
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Developers can use [[!capistrano]] to deploy their applications
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and don't need to interact (reload/restart) with nginx, as it is
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already configured to accept any hostname.
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## Name Server Configuration
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As you can imagine, it would be quite cumbersome for developers to
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reach a host named **ws-locomotive.dev-deploy**.
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That is why a wildcard domain is configured to point
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to the host running nginx:
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*.play.intra.local.ch. CNAME rails-dev-vm-snr01.intra.local.ch.
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## Give the application a name
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A new hostname can be assigned to an application simply by symlinking
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it to the application:
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% cd /var/nginx
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% ln -s ws-locomotive.dev-deploy my-fancy-name.play.intra.local.ch
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This way, developers can use **any name** below
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play.intra.local.ch for their application. Some applications
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actually behave differently depending on the name they are accessed
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with:
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info.ws-locomotive.master.play.intra.local.ch -> ws-locomotive.master
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hp.ws-locomotive.master.play.intra.local.ch -> ws-locomotive.master
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## Conclusions
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The setup is pretty elegant, because it allows developers to
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create new development environments without interacting with any
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sysadmin to configure nginx, bind or whatsoever.
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There is a security drawback though:
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An attacker could try to use hostnames like
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**../../../../etc/** and request the file **passwd**.
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That is the reasion why this service is not exposed
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to the outside world directly, but all external requests
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are filtered (whitelisting) by a load balancer in front
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of the rails hosts.
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[[!tag net unix foss ungleich localch rails]]
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