++changelog

Reviewed-on: ungleich-public/cdist#339

Makefile

@@ -35,9 +35,9 @@ DOCS_SRC_DIR=./docs/src
 SPEECHDIR=./docs/speeches
 TYPEDIR=./cdist/conf/type
 
-SPHINXM=make -C $(DOCS_SRC_DIR) man
+SPHINXM=$(MAKE) -C $(DOCS_SRC_DIR) man
-SPHINXH=make -C $(DOCS_SRC_DIR) html
+SPHINXH=$(MAKE) -C $(DOCS_SRC_DIR) html
-SPHINXC=make -C $(DOCS_SRC_DIR) clean
+SPHINXC=$(MAKE) -C $(DOCS_SRC_DIR) clean
 
 ################################################################################
 # Manpages

README.md

@@ -24,8 +24,8 @@ For community-maintained types there is
 
 ## Participating
 
-IRC: ``#cdist`` @ freenode
+IRC: ``#cdist`` @ [libera](https://libera.chat)
 
 Matrix: ``#cdist:ungleich.ch``
 
-Mattermost: https://chat.ungleich.ch/ungleich/channels/cdist
+Matrix and IRC are bridged.

cdist/argparse.py

@@ -485,19 +485,31 @@ def get_parsers():
     parser['scan'].add_argument(
         '-m', '--mode', help='Which modes should run',
         action='append', default=[],
-        choices=['scan', 'trigger'])
+        choices=['scan', 'trigger', 'config'])
+    parser['scan'].add_argument(
+        '--list',
+        action='store_true',
+        help='List the known hosts and exit')
     parser['scan'].add_argument(
         '--config',
         action='store_true',
         help='Try to configure detected hosts')
     parser['scan'].add_argument(
-        '-I', '--interfaces',
+        '-I', '--interface',
-        action='append',  default=[],
+        action='append',  default=[], required=True,
         help='On which interfaces to scan/trigger')
     parser['scan'].add_argument(
-        '-d', '--delay',
+        '--name-mapper',
-        action='store',  default=3600,
+        action='store',  default=None,
-        help='How long to wait before reconfiguring after last try')
+        help='Map addresses to names, required for config mode')
+    parser['scan'].add_argument(
+        '-d', '--config-delay',
+        action='store',  default=3600, type=int,
+        help='How long (seconds) to wait before reconfiguring after last try')
+    parser['scan'].add_argument(
+        '-t', '--trigger-delay',
+        action='store',  default=5, type=int,
+        help='How long (seconds) to wait between ICMPv6 echo requests')
     parser['scan'].set_defaults(func=cdist.scan.commandline.commandline)
 
     for p in parser:

cdist/conf/explorer/lsb_codename

@@ -21,6 +21,9 @@
 
 set +e
 case "$("$__explorer/os")" in
+   checkpoint)
+       awk '{printf("%s\n", $(NF-1))}' /etc/cp-release
+   ;;
    openwrt)
       # shellcheck disable=SC1091
       (. /etc/openwrt_release && echo "$DISTRIB_CODENAME")

cdist/conf/explorer/lsb_description

@@ -21,6 +21,9 @@
 
 set +e
 case "$("$__explorer/os")" in
+   checkpoint)
+       cat /etc/cp-release
+   ;;
    openwrt)
       # shellcheck disable=SC1091
       (. /etc/openwrt_release && echo "$DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION")

cdist/conf/explorer/lsb_id

@@ -21,6 +21,9 @@
 
 set +e
 case "$("$__explorer/os")" in
+   checkpoint)
+       echo "CheckPoint"
+   ;;
    openwrt)
       # shellcheck disable=SC1091
       (. /etc/openwrt_release && echo "$DISTRIB_ID")

cdist/conf/explorer/lsb_release

@@ -21,6 +21,9 @@
 
 set +e
 case "$("$__explorer/os")" in
+   checkpoint)
+       sed /etc/cp-release -e 's/.* R\([1-9][0-9]*\)\.[0-9]*$/\1/'
+   ;;
    openwrt)
       # shellcheck disable=SC1091
       (. /etc/openwrt_release && echo "$DISTRIB_RELEASE")

cdist/conf/explorer/memory

@@ -27,19 +27,18 @@
 str2bytes() {
 	awk -F' ' '
 	$2 ==   "B" || !$2 { print $1 }
-	$2 ==  "kB" { print $1 * 1000 }
+	$2 ==  "kB" { printf "%.f\n", ($1 * 1000) }
-	$2 ==  "MB" { print $1 * 1000 * 1000 }
+	$2 ==  "MB" { printf "%.f\n", ($1 * 1000 * 1000) }
-	$2 ==  "GB" { print $1 * 1000 * 1000 * 1000 }
+	$2 ==  "GB" { printf "%.f\n", ($1 * 1000 * 1000 * 1000) }
-	$2 ==  "TB" { print $1 * 1000 * 1000 * 1000 * 1000 }
+	$2 ==  "TB" { printf "%.f\n", ($1 * 1000 * 1000 * 1000 * 1000) }
-	$2 == "kiB" { print $1 * 1024 }
+	$2 == "kiB" { printf "%.f\n", ($1 * 1024) }
-	$2 == "MiB" { print $1 * 1024 * 1024 }
+	$2 == "MiB" { printf "%.f\n", ($1 * 1024 * 1024) }
-	$2 == "GiB" { print $1 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024 }
+	$2 == "GiB" { printf "%.f\n", ($1 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024) }
-	$2 == "TiB" { print $1 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024 }'
+	$2 == "TiB" { printf "%.f\n", ($1 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024) }'
 }
 
 bytes2kib() {
-	set -- "$(cat)"
+	awk '$0 > 0 { printf "%.f\n", ($0 / 1024) }'
-	test "$1" -gt 0 && echo $(($1 / 1024))
 }
 
 

cdist/conf/explorer/os

@@ -116,6 +116,13 @@ if [ -f /etc/slackware-version ]; then
    exit 0
 fi
 
+# Appliances
+
+if grep -q '^Check Point Gaia' /etc/cp-release 2>/dev/null; then
+    echo checkpoint
+    exit 0
+fi
+
 uname_s="$(uname -s)"
 
 # Assume there is no tr on the client -> do lower case ourselves

cdist/conf/explorer/os_release

@@ -34,5 +34,9 @@ elif test -f /var/run/os-release
 then
 	# FreeBSD (created by os-release service)
 	cat /var/run/os-release
+elif test -f /etc/cp-release
+then
+        # Checkpoint firewall or management (actually linux based)
+        cat /etc/cp-release
 fi
 

cdist/conf/explorer/os_version

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
-#!/bin/sh
+#!/bin/sh -e
 #
 # 2010-2011 Nico Schottelius (nico-cdist at schottelius.org)
+# 2020-2021 Dennis Camera (dennis.camera at ssrq-sds-fds.ch)
 #
 # This file is part of cdist.
 #
@@ -17,12 +18,22 @@
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 # along with cdist. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #
-#
 # All os variables are lower case
 #
-#
 
-case "$("$__explorer/os")" in
+rc_getvar() {
+   awk -F= -v varname="$2" '
+      function unquote(s) {
+         if (s ~ /^".*"$/ || s ~ /^'\''.*'\''$/)
+            return substr(s, 2, length(s) - 2)
+         else
+            return s
+      }
+      $1 == varname { print unquote(substr($0, index($0, "=") + 1)) }' "$1"
+}
+
+case $("${__explorer:?}/os")
+in
    amazon)
       cat /etc/system-release
    ;;
@@ -30,6 +41,9 @@ case "$("$__explorer/os")" in
       # empty, but well...
       cat /etc/arch-release
    ;;
+   checkpoint)
+       awk '{version=$NF; printf("%s\n", substr(version, 2))}' /etc/cp-release
+    ;;
    debian)
       debian_version=$(cat /etc/debian_version)
       case $debian_version
@@ -43,6 +57,8 @@ case "$("$__explorer/os")" in
               # sid versions don't have a number, so we decode by codename:
               case $(expr "$debian_version" : '\([a-z]\{1,\}\)/')
               in
+                  trixie) echo 12.99 ;;
+                  bookworm) echo 11.99 ;;
                   bullseye) echo 10.99 ;;
                   buster) echo 9.99 ;;
                   stretch) echo 8.99 ;;
@@ -50,7 +66,7 @@ case "$("$__explorer/os")" in
                   wheezy) echo 6.99 ;;
                   squeeze) echo 5.99 ;;
                   lenny) echo 4.99 ;;
-                  *) exit 1
+                  *) echo 99.99 ;;
               esac
               ;;
           *)
@@ -59,7 +75,23 @@ case "$("$__explorer/os")" in
       esac
    ;;
    devuan)
-      cat /etc/devuan_version
+      devuan_version=$(cat /etc/devuan_version)
+      case ${devuan_version}
+      in
+         (*/ceres)
+            # ceres versions don't have a number, so we decode by codename:
+            case ${devuan_version}
+            in
+               (chimaera/ceres) echo 3.99 ;;
+               (beowulf/ceres) echo 2.99 ;;
+               (ascii/ceres) echo 1.99 ;;
+               (*) exit 1
+            esac
+            ;;
+         (*)
+            echo "${devuan_version}"
+            ;;
+      esac
    ;;
    fedora)
       cat /etc/fedora-release
@@ -68,12 +100,20 @@ case "$("$__explorer/os")" in
       cat /etc/gentoo-release
    ;;
    macosx)
-      sw_vers -productVersion
+      # NOTE: Legacy versions (< 10.3) do not support options
+      sw_vers | awk -F ':[ \t]+' '$1 == "ProductVersion" { print $2 }'
    ;;
    freebsd)
       # Apparently uname -r is not a reliable way to get the patch level.
       # See: https://bugs.freebsd.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=251743
-      freebsd-version
+      if command -v freebsd-version >/dev/null 2>&1
+      then
+         # get userland version
+         freebsd-version -u
+      else
+         # fallback to kernel release for FreeBSD < 10.0
+         uname -r
+      fi
    ;;
    *bsd|solaris)
       uname -r
@@ -98,7 +138,20 @@ case "$("$__explorer/os")" in
       fi
    ;;
    ubuntu)
+      if command -v lsb_release >/dev/null 2>&1
+      then
          lsb_release -sr
+      elif test -r /usr/lib/os-release
+      then
+         # fallback to /usr/lib/os-release if lsb_release is not present (like
+         # on minimized Ubuntu installations)
+         rc_getvar /usr/lib/os-release VERSION_ID
+      elif test -r /etc/lsb-release
+      then
+         # extract DISTRIB_RELEASE= variable from /etc/lsb-release on old
+         # versions without /usr/lib/os-release.
+         rc_getvar /etc/lsb-release DISTRIB_RELEASE
+      fi
    ;;
    alpine)
        cat /etc/alpine-release

cdist/conf/type/__apt_backports/manifest

@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #  lsb_release may not be given in all installations
 codename_os_release() {
     # shellcheck disable=SC1090
+    # shellcheck disable=SC1091
     . "$__global/explorer/os_release"
     printf "%s" "$VERSION_CODENAME"
 }

cdist/conf/type/__apt_key/explorer/state

@@ -27,18 +27,25 @@ else
    keyid="$__object_id"
 fi
 
-keydir="$(cat "$__object/parameter/keydir")"
+# From apt-key(8):
-keyfile="$keydir/$__object_id.gpg"
+#   Use of apt-key is deprecated, except for the use of apt-key del in
-
+#   maintainer scripts to remove existing keys from the main keyring.
-if [ -d "$keydir" ]
+#   If such usage of apt-key is desired the additional installation of
-then
+#   the GNU Privacy Guard suite (packaged in gnupg) is required.
-   if [ -f "$keyfile" ]
+if [ -f "${__object}/parameter/use-deprecated-apt-key" ]; then
+   if apt-key export "$keyid" | head -n 1 | grep -Fqe "BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK"
       then echo present
       else echo absent
    fi
-else
+   exit
-   # fallback to deprecated apt-key
-   apt-key export "$keyid" | head -n 1 | grep -Fqe "BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK" \
-      && echo present \
-      || echo absent
 fi
+
+keydir="$(cat "$__object/parameter/keydir")"
+keyfile="$keydir/$__object_id.gpg"
+
+if [ -f "$keyfile" ]
+then
+   echo present
+   exit
+fi
+echo absent

cdist/conf/type/__apt_key/gencode-remote

@@ -25,11 +25,7 @@ else
 fi
 state_should="$(cat "$__object/parameter/state")"
 state_is="$(cat "$__object/explorer/state")"
-
+method="$(cat "$__object/key_method")"
-if [ "$state_should" = "$state_is" ]; then
-   # nothing to do
-   exit 0
-fi
 
 keydir="$(cat "$__object/parameter/keydir")"
 keyfile="$keydir/$__object_id.gpg"
@@ -37,30 +33,18 @@ keyfile="$keydir/$__object_id.gpg"
 case "$state_should" in
    present)
       keyserver="$(cat "$__object/parameter/keyserver")"
-
+      # Using __download or __file as key source
-      if [ -f "$__object/parameter/uri" ]; then
+      # Propagate messages if needed
-         uri="$(cat "$__object/parameter/uri")"
+      if [ "${method}" = "uri" ] || [ "${method}" = "source" ]; then
-
+         if grep -Eq "^__(file|download)$keyfile" "$__messages_in"; then
-         if [ -d "$keydir" ]; then
+            echo "added '$keyid'" >> "$__messages_out"
-            cat << EOF
-
-curl -s -L \\
-    -o "$keyfile" \\
-    "$uri"
-
-key="\$( cat "$keyfile" )"
-
-if echo "\$key" | grep -Fq 'BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK'
-then
-    echo "\$key" | gpg --dearmor > "$keyfile"
-fi
-
-EOF
-         else
-            # fallback to deprecated apt-key
-            echo "curl -s -L '$uri' | apt-key add -"
          fi
-      elif [ -d "$keydir" ]; then
+         exit 0
+      elif [ "${state_is}" = "present" ]; then
+         exit 0
+      fi
+      # Using key servers to fetch the key
+      if [ ! -f "$__object/parameter/use-deprecated-apt-key" ]; then
          # we need to kill gpg after 30 seconds, because gpg
          # can get stuck if keyserver is not responding.
          # exporting env var and not exit 1,
@@ -100,13 +84,16 @@ EOF
       echo "added '$keyid'" >> "$__messages_out"
    ;;
    absent)
-      if [ -f "$keyfile" ]; then
+      # Removal for keys added from a keyserver without this flag
-         echo "rm '$keyfile'"
+      # is done in the manifest
-      else
+      if [ "$state_is" != "absent" ] && \
+            [ -f "$__object/parameter/use-deprecated-apt-key" ]; then
          # fallback to deprecated apt-key
          echo "apt-key del \"$keyid\""
-      fi
-
          echo "removed '$keyid'" >> "$__messages_out"
+      # Propagate messages if needed
+      elif grep -Eq "^__file$keyfile" "$__messages_in"; then
+         echo "removed '$keyid'" >> "$__messages_out"
+      fi
    ;;
 esac

cdist/conf/type/__apt_key/man.rst

@@ -10,6 +10,14 @@ DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 Manages the list of keys used by apt to authenticate packages.
 
+This is done by placing the requested key in a file named
+``$__object_id.gpg`` in the ``keydir`` directory.
+
+This is supported by modern releases of Debian-based distributions.
+
+In order of preference, exactly one of: ``source``, ``uri`` or ``keyid``
+must be specified.
+
 
 REQUIRED PARAMETERS
 -------------------
@@ -18,21 +26,49 @@ None.
 
 OPTIONAL PARAMETERS
 -------------------
+keydir
+   keyring directory, defaults to ``/etc/apt/trusted.pgp.d``, which is
+   enabled system-wide by default.
+
+source
+   path to a file containing the GPG key of the repository.
+   Using this is recommended as it ensures that the manifest/type manintainer
+   has validated the key.
+   If ``-``, the GPG key is read from the type's stdin.
+
 state
    'present' or 'absent'. Defaults to 'present'
 
+uri
+   the URI from which to download the key.
+   It is highly recommended that you only use protocols with TLS like HTTPS.
+   This uses ``__download`` but does not use checksums, if you want to ensure
+   that the key doesn't change, you are better off downloading it and using
+   ``--source``.
+
+
+DEPRECATED OPTIONAL PARAMETERS
+------------------------------
 keyid
-   the id of the key to add. Defaults to __object_id
+   the id of the key to download from the ``keyserver``.
+   This is to be used in absence of ``--source`` and ``--uri`` or together
+   with ``--use-deprecated-apt-key`` for key removal.
+   Defaults to ``$__object_id``.
 
 keyserver
-   the keyserver from which to fetch the key. If omitted the default set
+   the keyserver from which to fetch the key.
-   in ./parameter/default/keyserver is used.
+   Defaults to ``pool.sks-keyservers.net``.
 
-keydir
-   key save location, defaults to ``/etc/apt/trusted.pgp.d``
 
-uri
+DEPRECATED BOOLEAN PARAMETERS
-   the URI from which to download the key
+-----------------------------
+use-deprecated-apt-key
+   ``apt-key(8)`` will last be available in Debian 11 and Ubuntu 22.04.
+   You can use this parameter to force usage of ``apt-key(8)``.
+   Please only use this parameter to *remove* keys from the keyring,
+   in order to prepare for removal of ``apt-key``.
+   Adding keys should be done without this parameter.
+   This parameter will be removed when Debian 11 stops being supported.
 
 
 EXAMPLES
@@ -40,33 +76,39 @@ EXAMPLES
 
 .. code-block:: sh
 
-    # Add Ubuntu Archive Automatic Signing Key
+    # add a key that has been verified by a type maintainer
-    __apt_key 437D05B5
+    __apt_key jitsi_meet_2021 \
-    # Same thing
+       --source cdist-contrib/type/__jitsi_meet/files/apt_2021.gpg
-    __apt_key 437D05B5 --state present
-    # Get rid of it
-    __apt_key 437D05B5 --state absent
 
-    # same thing with human readable name and explicit keyid
+    # remove an old, deprecated or expired key
-    __apt_key UbuntuArchiveKey --keyid 437D05B5
+    __apt_key jitsi_meet_2016 --state absent
 
-    # same thing with other keyserver
+    # Get rid of a key that might have been added to
-    __apt_key UbuntuArchiveKey --keyid 437D05B5 --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com
+    # /etc/apt/trusted.gpg with apt-key
+    __apt_key 0x40976EAF437D05B5 --use-deprecated-apt-key --state absent
 
-    # download key from the internet
+    # add a key that we define in-line
-    __apt_key rabbitmq \
+    __apt_key jitsi_meet_2021 --source '-' <<EOF
-       --uri http://www.rabbitmq.com/rabbitmq-signing-key-public.asc
+    -----BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----
+    [...]
+    -----END PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----
+    EOF
+
+    # download or update key from the internet
+    __apt_key rabbitmq_2007 \
+       --uri https://www.rabbitmq.com/rabbitmq-signing-key-public.asc
 
 
 AUTHORS
 -------
 Steven Armstrong <steven-cdist--@--armstrong.cc>
 Ander Punnar <ander-at-kvlt-dot-ee>
+Evilham <contact~~@~~evilham.com>
 
 
 COPYING
 -------
-Copyright \(C) 2011-2019 Steven Armstrong and Ander Punnar. You can
+Copyright \(C) 2011-2021 Steven Armstrong, Ander Punnar and Evilham. You can
 redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public
 License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the
 License, or (at your option) any later version.

cdist/conf/type/__apt_key/manifest

@@ -2,7 +2,105 @@
 
 __package gnupg
 
-if [ -f "$__object/parameter/uri" ]
+state_should="$(cat "${__object}/parameter/state")"
-then __package curl
+
-else __package dirmngr
+incompatible_args()
+{
+	cat >> /dev/stderr <<-EOF
+	This type does not support --${1} and --${method} simultaneously.
+	EOF
+	exit 1
+}
+
+if [ -f "${__object}/parameter/source" ]; then
+	method="source"
+	src="$(cat "${__object}/parameter/source")"
+	if [ "${src}" = "-" ]; then
+		src="${__object}/stdin"
+	fi
+fi
+if [ -f "${__object}/parameter/uri" ]; then
+	if [ -n "${method}" ]; then
+		incompatible_args uri
+	fi
+	method="uri"
+	src="$(cat "${__object}/parameter/uri")"
+fi
+if [ -f "${__object}/parameter/keyid" ]; then
+	if [ -n "${method}" ]; then
+		incompatible_args keyid
+	fi
+	method="keyid"
+fi
+# Keep old default
+if [ -z "${method}" ]; then
+	method="keyid"
+fi
+# Save this for later in gencode-remote
+echo "${method}" > "${__object}/key_method"
+
+# Required remotely (most likely already installed)
+__package dirmngr
+# We need this in case a key has to be dearmor'd
+__package gnupg
+export require="__package/gnupg"
+
+if [ -f "${__object}/parameter/use-deprecated-apt-key" ]; then
+	# This is required if apt-key(8) is to be used
+	if [ "${method}" = "source" ] || [ "${method}" = "uri" ]; then
+		incompatible_args use-deprecated-apt-key
+	fi
+else
+	if [ "${state_should}" = "absent" ] && \
+			[ -f "${__object}/parameter/keyid" ]; then
+		cat >> /dev/stderr <<EOF
+You can't reliably remove by keyid without --use-deprecated-apt-key.
+This would very likely do something you do not intend.
+EOF
+		exit 1
+	fi
+fi
+
+keydir="$(cat "${__object}/parameter/keydir")"
+keyfile="${keydir}/${__object_id}.gpg"
+keyfilecdist="${keyfile}.cdist"
+if [ "${state_should}" != "absent" ]; then
+	# Ensure keydir exists
+	__directory "${keydir}" --state exists --mode 0755
+fi
+
+if [ "${state_should}" = "absent" ]; then
+	__file "${keyfile}" --state "absent"
+	__file "${keyfilecdist}" --state "absent"
+elif [ "${method}" = "source" ] || [ "${method}" = "uri" ]; then
+	dearmor="$(cat <<-EOF
+	if [ '${state_should}' = 'present' ]; then
+		# Dearmor if necessary
+		if grep -Fq 'BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK' '${keyfilecdist}'; then
+			gpg --dearmor < '${keyfilecdist}' > '${keyfile}'
+		else
+			cp '${keyfilecdist}' '${keyfile}'
+		fi
+		# Ensure permissions
+		chown root '${keyfile}'
+		chmod 0444 '${keyfile}'
+	fi
+	EOF
+	)"
+
+	if [ "${method}" = "uri" ]; then
+		__download "${keyfilecdist}" \
+			--url "${src}" \
+			--onchange "${dearmor}"
+		require="__download${keyfilecdist}" \
+			__file "${keyfile}" \
+				--owner root \
+				--mode 0444 \
+				--state pre-exists
+	else
+		__file "${keyfilecdist}" --state "${state_should}" \
+			--mode 0444 \
+			--source "${src}" \
+			--onchange "${dearmor}"
+	fi
 fi

cdist/conf/type/__apt_key/parameter/boolean

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+use-deprecated-apt-key

cdist/conf/type/__apt_key/parameter/deprecated/use-deprecated-apt-key

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+apt-key(8) will last be available in Debian 11 and Ubuntu 22.04.
+Use this flag *only* to migrate to placing a keyring directly in the
+/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/ directory with a descriptive name.

cdist/conf/type/__apt_key/parameter/optional

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-state
+keydir
 keyid
 keyserver
-keydir
+source
+state
 uri

cdist/conf/type/__apt_key_uri/deprecated

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Please migrate to using __apt_key key_id --uri URI.

cdist/conf/type/__apt_pin/man.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+cdist-type__apt_pin(7)
+======================
+
+NAME
+----
+cdist-type__apt_pin - Manage apt pinning rules
+
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+Adds/removes/edits rules to pin some packages to a specific distribution. Useful if using multiple debian repositories at the same time. (Useful, if one wants to use a few specific packages from backports or perhaps Debain testing... or even sid.)
+
+
+REQUIRED PARAMETERS
+-------------------
+distribution
+   Specifies what distribution the package should be pinned to. Accepts both codenames (buster/bullseye/sid) and suite names (stable/testing/...).
+
+
+OPTIONAL PARAMETERS
+-------------------
+package
+   Package name, glob or regular expression to match (multiple) packages. If not specified `__object_id` is used.
+
+priority
+   The priority value to assign to matching packages. Deafults to 500. (To match the default target distro's priority)
+
+state
+   Will be passed to underlying `__file` type; see there for valid values and defaults.
+
+
+
+BOOLEAN PARAMETERS
+------------------
+None.
+
+
+EXAMPLES
+--------
+
+.. code-block:: sh
+
+   # Add the bullseye repo to buster, but do not install any packages by default,
+   # only if explicitely asked for (-1 means "never" for apt)
+    __apt_pin bullseye-default \
+       --package "*" \
+       --distribution bullseye \
+       --priority -1
+
+    require="__apt_pin/bullseye-default" __apt_source bullseye \
+       --uri http://deb.debian.org/debian/ \
+       --distribution bullseye \
+       --component main
+
+    __apt_pin foo --package "foo foo-*" --distribution bullseye
+
+    __foo # Assuming, this installs the `foo` package internally
+
+    __package foo-plugin-extras # Assuming we also need some extra stuff
+
+
+SEE ALSO
+--------
+:strong:`apt_preferences`\ (5)
+:strong:`cdist-type__apt_source`\ (7)
+:strong:`cdist-type__apt_backports`\ (7)
+:strong:`cdist-type__file`\ (7)
+
+AUTHORS
+-------
+Daniel Fancsali <fancsali@gmail.com>
+
+
+COPYING
+-------
+Copyright \(C) 2021 Daniel Fancsali. You can redistribute it
+and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
+published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the
+License, or (at your option) any later version.

cdist/conf/type/__apt_pin/manifest

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+#!/bin/sh -e
+#
+# 2021 Daniel Fancsali (fancsali@gmail.com)
+#
+# This file is part of cdist.
+#
+# cdist is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# cdist is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with cdist. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+
+
+name="$__object_id"
+
+os=$(cat "$__global/explorer/os")
+state="$(cat "$__object/parameter/state")"
+
+if [ -f "$__object/parameter/package" ]; then
+    package="$(cat "$__object/parameter/package")"
+else
+    package=$name
+fi
+
+distribution="$(cat "$__object/parameter/distribution")"
+priority="$(cat "$__object/parameter/priority")"
+
+
+case "$os" in
+   debian|ubuntu|devuan)
+   ;;
+   *)
+      printf "This type is specific to Debian and it's derivatives" >&2
+      exit 1
+   ;;
+esac
+
+case $distribution in
+    stable|testing|unstable|experimental)
+        pin="release a=$distribution"
+        ;;
+    *)
+        pin="release n=$distribution"
+        ;;
+esac
+
+
+__file "/etc/apt/preferences.d/$name" \
+    --owner root --group root --mode 0644 \
+    --state "$state" \
+    --source - << EOF
+# Created by cdist ${__type##*/}
+# Do not change. Changes will be overwritten.
+#
+
+# $name
+Package: $package
+Pin: $pin
+Pin-Priority: $priority
+EOF

cdist/conf/type/__apt_pin/parameter/default/priority

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+500

cdist/conf/type/__apt_pin/parameter/default/state

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+present

cdist/conf/type/__apt_pin/parameter/optional

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+state
+package
+priority

cdist/conf/type/__apt_pin/parameter/required

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+distribution

cdist/conf/type/__apt_ppa/files/remove-apt-repository

@@ -1,55 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python
-#
-# Remove the given apt repository.
-#
-# Exit with:
-#   0: if it worked
-#   1: if not
-#   2: on other error
-
-import os
-import sys
-from aptsources import distro, sourceslist
-from softwareproperties import ppa
-from softwareproperties.SoftwareProperties import SoftwareProperties
-
-
-def remove_if_empty(file_name):
-    with open(file_name, 'r') as f:
-        if f.read().strip():
-            return
-        os.unlink(file_name)
-
-def remove_repository(repository):
-    #print 'repository:', repository
-    codename = distro.get_distro().codename
-    #print 'codename:', codename
-    (line, file) = ppa.expand_ppa_line(repository.strip(), codename)
-    #print 'line:', line
-    #print 'file:', file
-    deb_source_entry = sourceslist.SourceEntry(line, file)
-    src_source_entry = sourceslist.SourceEntry('deb-src{}'.format(line[3:]), file)
-
-    try:
-        sp = SoftwareProperties()
-        sp.remove_source(deb_source_entry)
-        try:
-            # If there's a deb-src entry, remove that too
-            sp.remove_source(src_source_entry)
-        except:
-            pass
-        remove_if_empty(file)
-        return True
-    except ValueError:
-        print >> sys.stderr, "Error: '%s' doesn't exists in a sourcelist file" % line
-        return False
-
-if __name__ == '__main__':
-    if (len(sys.argv) != 2):
-        print >> sys.stderr, 'Error: need a repository as argument'
-        sys.exit(2)
-    repository = sys.argv[1]
-    if remove_repository(repository):
-        sys.exit(0)
-    else:
-        sys.exit(1)

cdist/conf/type/__apt_ppa/gencode-remote

@@ -29,9 +29,9 @@ fi
 
 case "$state_should" in
    present)
-      echo "add-apt-repository '$name'"
+      echo "add-apt-repository -y '$name'"
    ;;
    absent)
-      echo "remove-apt-repository '$name'"
+      echo "add-apt-repository -r -y '$name'"
    ;;
 esac

cdist/conf/type/__apt_ppa/manifest

@@ -20,9 +20,4 @@
 
 __package software-properties-common
 
-require="__package/software-properties-common" \
-   __file /usr/local/bin/remove-apt-repository \
-   --source "$__type/files/remove-apt-repository" \
-   --mode 0755
-
 require="$__object_name" __apt_update_index

cdist/conf/type/__apt_source/files/source.list.template

@@ -2,13 +2,14 @@
 set -u
 
 entry="$uri $distribution $component"
+
 cat << DONE
 # Created by cdist ${__type##*/}
 # Do not change. Changes will be overwritten.
 #
 
 # $name
-deb ${forcedarch} $entry
+deb ${options} $entry
 DONE
 if [ -f "$__object/parameter/include-src" ]; then
    echo "deb-src $entry"

cdist/conf/type/__apt_source/gencode-remote

@@ -22,7 +22,21 @@
 name="$__object_id"
 destination="/etc/apt/sources.list.d/${name}.list"
 
+# There are special arguments to apt(8) to prevent aborts if apt woudn't been
+# updated after the 19th April 2021 till the bullseye release. The additional
+# arguments acknoledge the happend suite change (the apt(8) update does the
+# same by itself).
+#
+# Using '-o $config' instead of the --allow-releaseinfo-change-* parameter
+# allows backward compatablility to pre-buster Debian versions.
+#
+# See more: ticket #861
+# https://code.ungleich.ch/ungleich-public/cdist/-/issues/861
+apt_opts="-o Acquire::AllowReleaseInfoChange::Suite=true -o Acquire::AllowReleaseInfoChange::Version=true"
+
+# run 'apt-get update' only if something changed with our sources.list file
+#   it will be run a second time on error as a redundancy messure to success
 if grep -q "^__file${destination}" "$__messages_in"; then
-   printf 'apt-get update || apt-get update\n'
+   printf 'apt-get %s update || apt-get %s update\n' "$apt_opts" "$apt_opts"
 fi
 

cdist/conf/type/__apt_source/man.rst

@@ -23,6 +23,9 @@ OPTIONAL PARAMETERS
 arch
    set this if you need to force and specific arch (ubuntu specific)
 
+signed-by
+   provide a GPG key fingerprint or keyring path for signature checks
+
 state
    'present' or 'absent', defaults to 'present'
 
@@ -56,6 +59,11 @@ EXAMPLES
        --uri http://archive.canonical.com/ \
        --component partner --state present
 
+    __apt_source goaccess \
+       --uri http://deb.goaccess.io/ \
+       --component main \
+       --signed-by C03B48887D5E56B046715D3297BD1A0133449C3D
+
 
 AUTHORS
 -------

cdist/conf/type/__apt_source/manifest

@@ -31,9 +31,15 @@ fi
 component="$(cat "$__object/parameter/component")"
 
 if [ -f "$__object/parameter/arch" ]; then
-   forcedarch="[arch=$(cat "$__object/parameter/arch")]"
+   options="arch=$(cat "$__object/parameter/arch")"
-else
+fi
-   forcedarch=""
+
+if [ -f "$__object/parameter/signed-by" ]; then
+   options="$options signed-by=$(cat "$__object/parameter/signed-by")"
+fi
+
+if [ "$options" ]; then
+    options="[$options]"
 fi
 
 # export variables for use in template
@@ -41,7 +47,7 @@ export name
 export uri
 export distribution
 export component
-export forcedarch
+export options
 
 # generate file from template
 mkdir "$__object/files"

cdist/conf/type/__apt_source/parameter/optional

@@ -2,3 +2,4 @@ state
 distribution
 component
 arch
+signed-by

cdist/conf/type/__apt_update_index/gencode-remote

@@ -18,9 +18,23 @@
 # along with cdist. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #
 
+
+# There are special arguments to apt(8) to prevent aborts if apt woudn't been
+# updated after the 19th April 2021 till the bullseye release. The additional
+# arguments acknoledge the happend suite change (the apt(8) update does the
+# same by itself).
+#
+# Using '-o $config' instead of the --allow-releaseinfo-change-* parameter
+# allows backward compatablility to pre-buster Debian versions.
+#
+# See more: ticket #861
+# https://code.ungleich.ch/ungleich-public/cdist/-/issues/861
+apt_opts="-o Acquire::AllowReleaseInfoChange::Suite=true -o Acquire::AllowReleaseInfoChange::Version=true"
+
 # run 'apt-get update' if anything in /etc/apt is newer then /var/lib/apt/lists
+#   it will be run a second time on error as a redundancy messure to success
 cat << DONE
 if find /etc/apt -mindepth 1 -cnewer /var/lib/apt/lists | grep . > /dev/null; then
-   apt-get update || apt-get update
+   apt-get $apt_opts update || apt-get $apt_opts update
 fi
 DONE

cdist/conf/type/__debconf_set_selections/explorer/state

@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+#!/bin/sh -e
+#
+# 2021 Dennis Camera (dennis.camera at ssrq-sds-fds.ch)
+#
+# This file is part of cdist.
+#
+# cdist is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# cdist is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.	See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with cdist. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# Determine current debconf selections' state.
+# Prints one of:
+#   present: all selections are already set as they should.
+#   different: one or more of the selections have a different value.
+#   absent: one or more of the selections are not (currently) defined.
+#
+
+test -x /usr/bin/perl || {
+	# cannot find perl (no perl ~ no debconf)
+	echo 'absent'
+	exit 0
+}
+
+linesfile="${__object:?}/parameter/line"
+test -s "${linesfile}" || {
+	if test -s "${__object:?}/parameter/file"
+	then
+		echo absent
+	else
+		echo present
+	fi
+	exit 0
+}
+
+# assert __type_explorer is set (because it is used by the Perl script)
+: "${__type_explorer:?}"
+
+/usr/bin/perl -- - "${linesfile}" <<'EOF'
+use strict;
+use warnings "all";
+
+use Fcntl qw(:DEFAULT :flock);
+
+use Debconf::Db;
+use Debconf::Question;
+
+# Extract @known... arrays from debconf-set-selections
+# These values are required to distinguish flags and values in the given lines.
+# DC: I couldn't think of a more ugly solution to the problem…
+my @knownflags;
+my @knowntypes;
+my $debconf_set_selections = '/usr/bin/debconf-set-selections';
+if (-e $debconf_set_selections) {
+	my $sed_known = 's/^my \(@known\(flags\|types\) = qw([a-z ]*);\).*$/\1/p';
+	eval `sed -n '$sed_known' '$debconf_set_selections'`;
+}
+
+sub mungeline ($) {
+	my $line = shift;
+	chomp $line;
+	$line =~ s/\r$//;
+	return $line;
+}
+
+sub fatal { printf STDERR @_; exit 1; }
+
+my $state = 'present';
+
+sub state {
+	my $new = shift;
+	if ($state eq 'present'
+	    or ($state eq 'different' and $new eq 'absent')) {
+		$state = $new;
+	}
+}
+
+
+# Load Debconf DB but manually lock on the state explorer script,
+# because Debconf aborts immediately if executed concurrently.
+# This is not really an ideal solution because the Debconf DB could be locked by
+# another process (e.g. apt-get), but no way to achieve this could be found.
+# If you know how to, please provide a patch.
+my $lockfile = "%ENV{'__type_explorer'}/state";
+if (open my $lock_fh, '+<', $lockfile) {
+   flock $lock_fh, LOCK_EX or die "Cannot lock $lockfile";
+}
+{
+	Debconf::Db->load(readonly => 'true');
+}
+
+
+while (<>) {
+	# Read and process lines (taken from debconf-set-selections)
+	$_ = mungeline($_);
+	while (/\\$/ && ! eof) {
+		s/\\$//;
+		$_ .= mungeline(<>);
+	}
+	next if /^\s*$/ || /^\s*\#/;
+
+	my ($owner, $label, $type, $content) = /^\s*(\S+)\s+(\S+)\s+(\S+)(?:\s(.*))?/
+		or fatal "invalid line: %s\n", $_;
+	$content = '' unless defined $content;
+
+
+	# Compare is and should state
+	my $q = Debconf::Question->get($label);
+
+	unless (defined $q) {
+		# probably a preseed
+		state 'absent';
+		next;
+	}
+
+	if (grep { $_ eq $q->type } @knownflags) {
+		# This line wants to set a flag, presumably.
+		if ($q->flag($q->type) ne $content) {
+			state 'different';
+		}
+	} else {
+		# Otherwise, it's probably a value…
+		if ($q->value ne $content) {
+			state 'different';
+		}
+
+		unless (grep { $_ eq $owner } (split /, /, $q->owners)) {
+			state 'different';
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+printf "%s\n", $state;
+EOF

cdist/conf/type/__debconf_set_selections/gencode-remote

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/sh -e
 #
 # 2011-2014 Nico Schottelius (nico-cdist at schottelius.org)
+# 2021 Dennis Camera (dennis.camera at ssrq-sds-fds.ch)
 #
 # This file is part of cdist.
 #
@@ -17,16 +18,37 @@
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 # along with cdist. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #
-#
-# Setup selections
-#
 
-filename="$(cat "$__object/parameter/file")"
+if test -f "${__object:?}/parameter/line"
-
+then
-if [ "$filename" = "-" ]; then
+	filename="${__object:?}/parameter/line"
-    filename="$__object/stdin"
+elif test -s "${__object:?}/parameter/file"
+then
+	filename=$(cat "${__object:?}/parameter/file")
+	if test "${filename}" = '-'
+	then
+		filename="${__object:?}/stdin"
+	fi
+else
+	printf 'Neither --line nor --file set.\n' >&2
+	exit 1
 fi
 
-echo "debconf-set-selections << __file-eof"
+# setting no lines makes no sense
-cat "$filename"
+test -s "${filename}" || exit 0
-echo "__file-eof"
+
+state_is=$(cat "${__object:?}/explorer/state")
+
+if test "${state_is}" != 'present'
+then
+	cat <<-CODE
+	debconf-set-selections <<'EOF'
+	$(cat "${filename}")
+	EOF
+	CODE
+
+	awk '
+		{
+			printf "set %s %s %s %s\n", $1, $2, $3, $4
+		}' "${filename}" >>"${__messages_out:?}"
+fi

cdist/conf/type/__debconf_set_selections/man.rst

@@ -8,15 +8,33 @@ cdist-type__debconf_set_selections - Setup debconf selections
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-On Debian and alike systems debconf-set-selections(1) can be used
+On Debian and alike systems :strong:`debconf-set-selections`\ (1) can be used
 to setup configuration parameters.
 
 
 REQUIRED PARAMETERS
 -------------------
+cf. ``--line``.
+
+
+OPTIONAL PARAMETERS
+-------------------
 file
-   Use the given filename as input for debconf-set-selections(1)
+   Use the given filename as input for :strong:`debconf-set-selections`\ (1)
-   If filename is "-", read from stdin.
+   If filename is ``-``, read from stdin.
+
+   **This parameter is deprecated, because it doesn't work with state detection.**
+line
+   A line in :strong:`debconf-set-selections`\ (1) compatible format.
+   This parameter can be used multiple times to set multiple options.
+
+   (This parameter is actually required, but marked optional because the
+   deprecated ``--file`` is still accepted.)
+
+
+BOOLEAN PARAMETERS
+------------------
+None.
 
 
 EXAMPLES
@@ -24,30 +42,29 @@ EXAMPLES
 
 .. code-block:: sh
 
-    # Setup configuration for nslcd
+    # Setup gitolite's gituser
-    __debconf_set_selections nslcd --file /path/to/file
+    __debconf_set_selections nslcd --line 'gitolite gitolite/gituser string git'
 
-    # Setup configuration for nslcd from another type
+    # Setup configuration for nslcd from a file.
-    __debconf_set_selections nslcd --file "$__type/files/preseed/nslcd"
+    # NB: Multiple lines can be passed to --line, although this can be considered a hack.
-
+    __debconf_set_selections nslcd --line "$(cat "${__files:?}/preseed/nslcd.debconf")"
-    __debconf_set_selections nslcd --file - << eof
-    gitolite gitolite/gituser string git
-    eof
 
 
 SEE ALSO
 --------
-:strong:`debconf-set-selections`\ (1), :strong:`cdist-type__update_alternatives`\ (7)
+- :strong:`cdist-type__update_alternatives`\ (7)
+- :strong:`debconf-set-selections`\ (1)
 
 
 AUTHORS
 -------
-Nico Schottelius <nico-cdist--@--schottelius.org>
+| Nico Schottelius <nico-cdist--@--schottelius.org>
+| Dennis Camera <dennis.camera--@--ssrq-sds-fds.ch>
 
 
 COPYING
 -------
-Copyright \(C) 2011-2014 Nico Schottelius. You can redistribute it
+Copyright \(C) 2011-2014 Nico Schottelius, 2021 Dennis Camera.
-and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
+You can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General
-published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the
+Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of
-License, or (at your option) any later version.
+the License, or (at your option) any later version.

cdist/conf/type/__debconf_set_selections/manifest

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh -e
 #
-# 2015 Dominique Roux (dominique.roux4 at gmail.com)
+# 2021 Dennis Camera (dennis.camera at ssrq-sds-fds.ch)
 #
 # This file is part of cdist.
 #
@@ -18,20 +18,4 @@
 # along with cdist. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #
 
-if [ -f "$__object/parameter/destination" ]; then
+__package_apt debconf
-    destination=$(cat "$__object/parameter/destination")
-else
-    destination="/$__object_id"
-fi
-
-ownergroup=""
-if [ -f "$__object/parameter/owner" ]; then
-    ownergroup=$(cat "$__object/parameter/owner")
-fi
-if [ -f "$__object/parameter/group" ]; then
-    ownergroup="${ownergroup}:$(cat "$__object/parameter/group")"
-fi
-
-if [ "$ownergroup" ]; then
-    echo chown -R "$ownergroup" "$destination"
-fi

cdist/conf/type/__debconf_set_selections/parameter/deprecated/file

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+'file' has been deprecated in favour of 'line' in order to provide idempotency.

cdist/conf/type/__debconf_set_selections/parameter/optional_multiple

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+line

cdist/conf/type/__dot_file/man.rst

@@ -37,6 +37,12 @@ state
 source
     forwarded to :strong:`__file` type
 
+file
+    forwarded to :strong:`__file` type
+    This can be used if multiple users need to have a dotfile updated,
+    which will result in duplicate object id errors. When using the
+    file parameter the object id can be some unique value.
+
 MESSAGES
 --------
 
@@ -61,6 +67,15 @@ EXAMPLES
     # Install default xmonad config for user 'eve'. Parent directory is created automatically.
     __dot_file .xmonad/xmonad.hs --user eve --state exists --source "$__files/xmonad.hs"
 
+    # install .vimrc for root and some users
+    for user in root userx usery userz; do
+        __dot_file "${user}_dot_vimrc" \
+            --user $user \
+            --file .vimrc \
+            --state exists \
+            --source "$__files/$user/.vimrc"
+    done
+
 SEE ALSO
 --------
 

cdist/conf/type/__dot_file/manifest

@@ -20,13 +20,19 @@ user="$(cat "${__object}/parameter/user")"
 home="$(cat "${__object}/explorer/home")"
 primary_group="$(cat "${__object}/explorer/primary_group")"
 dirmode="$(cat "${__object}/parameter/dirmode")"
+if [ -f "${__object}/parameter/file" ]; then
+    file="$(cat "${__object}/parameter/file")"
+else
+    file="${__object_id}"
+fi
+
 
 # Create parent directory. Type __directory has flag 'parents', but it
 # will leave us with root-owned directory in user home, which is not
 # acceptable. So we create parent directories one-by-one. XXX: maybe
 # it should be fixed in '__directory'?
 set --
-subpath=${__object_id}
+subpath=${file}
 while subpath="$(dirname "${subpath}")" ; do
 	[ "${subpath}" = . ] && break
 	set -- "${subpath}" "$@"
@@ -64,4 +70,4 @@ if [ "${source}" = "-" ] ; then
 fi
 unset source
 
-__file "${home}/${__object_id}" --owner "$user" --group "$primary_group" "$@"
+__file "${home}/${file}" --owner "$user" --group "$primary_group" "$@"

cdist/conf/type/__download/explorer/remote_cmd

@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh -e
-
-if [ -f "$__object/parameter/cmd-get" ]
-then
-    cmd="$( cat "$__object/parameter/cmd-get" )"
-
-elif command -v curl > /dev/null
-then
-    cmd="curl -L -o - '%s'"
-
-elif command -v fetch > /dev/null
-then
-    cmd="fetch -o - '%s'"
-
-else
-    cmd="wget -O - '%s'"
-fi
-
-echo "$cmd"

cdist/conf/type/__download/explorer/remote_cmd_get

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#!/bin/sh -e
+
+if [ -f "$__object/parameter/cmd-get" ]
+then
+    cat "$__object/parameter/cmd-get"
+elif
+    command -v curl > /dev/null
+then
+    echo "curl -sSL -o - '%s'"
+elif
+    command -v fetch > /dev/null
+then
+    echo "fetch -o - '%s'"
+else
+    echo "wget -O - '%s'"
+fi

cdist/conf/type/__download/explorer/remote_cmd_sum

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+#!/bin/sh -e
+
+if [ ! -f "$__object/parameter/sum" ]
+then
+    exit 0
+fi
+
+if [ -f "$__object/parameter/cmd-sum" ]
+then
+    cat "$__object/parameter/cmd-sum"
+    exit 0
+fi
+
+sum_should="$( cat "$__object/parameter/sum" )"
+
+if echo "$sum_should" | grep -Fq ':'
+then
+    sum_hash="$( echo "$sum_should" | cut -d : -f 1 )"
+else
+    if echo "$sum_should" | grep -Eq '^[0-9]+\s[0-9]+$'
+    then
+        sum_hash='cksum'
+    elif
+        echo "$sum_should" | grep -Eiq '^[a-f0-9]{32}$'
+    then
+        sum_hash='md5'
+    elif
+        echo "$sum_should" | grep -Eiq '^[a-f0-9]{40}$'
+    then
+        sum_hash='sha1'
+    elif
+        echo "$sum_should" | grep -Eiq '^[a-f0-9]{64}$'
+    then
+        sum_hash='sha256'
+    else
+        echo 'hash format detection failed' >&2
+        exit 1
+    fi
+fi
+
+os="$( "$__explorer/os" )"
+
+case "$sum_hash" in
+    cksum)
+        echo "cksum %s | awk '{print \$1\" \"\$2}'"
+    ;;
+    md5)
+        case "$os" in
+            freebsd)
+                echo "md5 -q %s"
+            ;;
+            *)
+                echo "md5sum %s | awk '{print \$1}'"
+            ;;
+        esac
+    ;;
+    sha1)
+        case "$os" in
+            freebsd)
+                echo "sha1 -q %s"
+            ;;
+            *)
+                echo "sha1sum %s | awk '{print \$1}'"
+            ;;
+        esac
+    ;;
+    sha256)
+        case "$os" in
+            freebsd)
+                echo "sha256 -q %s"
+            ;;
+            *)
+                echo "sha256sum %s | awk '{print \$1}'"
+            ;;
+        esac
+    ;;
+    *)
+        # we arrive here only if --sum is given with unknown format prefix
+        echo "unknown hash format: $sum_hash" >&2
+        exit 1
+    ;;
+esac

cdist/conf/type/__download/explorer/state

@@ -1,6 +1,11 @@
 #!/bin/sh -e
 
-dst="/$__object_id"
+if [ -f "$__object/parameter/destination" ]
+then
+    dst="$( cat "$__object/parameter/destination" )"
+else
+    dst="/$__object_id"
+fi
 
 if [ ! -f "$dst" ]
 then
@@ -16,57 +21,19 @@ fi
 
 sum_should="$( cat "$__object/parameter/sum" )"
 
-if [ -f "$__object/parameter/cmd-sum" ]
+if echo "$sum_should" | grep -Fq ':'
 then
-    # shellcheck disable=SC2059
+    sum_should="$( echo "$sum_should" | cut -d : -f 2 )"
-    sum_is="$( eval "$( printf \
-        "$( cat "$__object/parameter/cmd-sum" )" \
-        "$dst" )" )"
-else
-    os="$( "$__explorer/os" )"
-
-    if echo "$sum_should" | grep -Eq '^[0-9]+\s[0-9]+$'
-    then
-        sum_is="$( cksum "$dst" | awk '{print $1" "$2}' )"
-
-    elif echo "$sum_should" | grep -Eiq '^md5:[a-f0-9]{32}$'
-    then
-        case "$os" in
-            freebsd)
-                sum_is="md5:$( md5 -q "$dst" )"
-            ;;
-            *)
-                sum_is="md5:$( md5sum "$dst" | awk '{print $1}' )"
-            ;;
-        esac
-
-    elif echo "$sum_should" | grep -Eiq '^sha1:[a-f0-9]{40}$'
-    then
-        case "$os" in
-            freebsd)
-                sum_is="sha1:$( sha1 -q "$dst" )"
-            ;;
-            *)
-                sum_is="sha1:$( sha1sum "$dst" | awk '{print $1}' )"
-            ;;
-        esac
-
-    elif echo "$sum_should" | grep -Eiq '^sha256:[a-f0-9]{64}$'
-    then
-        case "$os" in
-            freebsd)
-                sum_is="sha256:$( sha256 -q "$dst" )"
-            ;;
-            *)
-                sum_is="sha256:$( sha256sum "$dst" | awk '{print $1}' )"
-            ;;
-        esac
-    fi
 fi
 
+sum_cmd="$( "$__type_explorer/remote_cmd_sum" )"
+
+# shellcheck disable=SC2059
+sum_is="$( eval "$( printf "$sum_cmd" "'$dst'" )" )"
+
 if [ -z "$sum_is" ]
 then
-    echo 'no checksum from target' >&2
+    echo 'existing destination checksum failed' >&2
     exit 1
 fi
 

cdist/conf/type/__download/gencode-local

@@ -11,34 +11,133 @@ fi
 
 url="$( cat "$__object/parameter/url" )"
 
-tmp="$( mktemp )"
+if [ -f "$__object/parameter/destination" ]
-
+then
-dst="/$__object_id"
+    dst="$( cat "$__object/parameter/destination" )"
+else
+    dst="/$__object_id"
+fi
 
 if [ -f "$__object/parameter/cmd-get" ]
 then
     cmd="$( cat "$__object/parameter/cmd-get" )"
 
-elif command -v wget > /dev/null
-then
-    cmd="wget -O - '%s'"
-
 elif command -v curl > /dev/null
 then
-    cmd="curl -L -o - '%s'"
+    cmd="curl -sSL -o - '%s'"
 
 elif command -v fetch > /dev/null
 then
     cmd="fetch -o - '%s'"
 
+elif command -v wget > /dev/null
+then
+    cmd="wget -O - '%s'"
+
 else
-    echo 'no usable locally installed utility for downloading' >&2
+    echo 'local download failed, no usable utility' >&2
     exit 1
 fi
 
-printf "$cmd > %s\n" \
+echo "download_tmp=\"\$( mktemp )\""
-    "$url" \
+
-    "$tmp"
+# shellcheck disable=SC2059
+printf "$cmd > \"\$download_tmp\"\n" "$url"
+
+if [ -f "$__object/parameter/sum" ]
+then
+    sum_should="$( cat "$__object/parameter/sum" )"
+
+    if [ -f "$__object/parameter/cmd-sum" ]
+    then
+        local_cmd_sum="$( cat "$__object/parameter/cmd-sum" )"
+    else
+        if echo "$sum_should" | grep -Fq ':'
+        then
+            sum_hash="$( echo "$sum_should" | cut -d : -f 1 )"
+
+            sum_should="$( echo "$sum_should" | cut -d : -f 2 )"
+        else
+            if echo "$sum_should" | grep -Eq '^[0-9]+\s[0-9]+$'
+            then
+                sum_hash='cksum'
+            elif
+                echo "$sum_should" | grep -Eiq '^[a-f0-9]{32}$'
+            then
+                sum_hash='md5'
+            elif
+                echo "$sum_should" | grep -Eiq '^[a-f0-9]{40}$'
+            then
+                sum_hash='sha1'
+            elif
+                echo "$sum_should" | grep -Eiq '^[a-f0-9]{64}$'
+            then
+                sum_hash='sha256'
+            else
+                echo 'hash format detection failed' >&2
+                exit 1
+            fi
+        fi
+
+        case "$sum_hash" in
+            cksum)
+                local_cmd_sum="cksum %s | awk '{print \$1\" \"\$2}'"
+            ;;
+            md5)
+                if command -v md5 > /dev/null
+                then
+                    local_cmd_sum="md5 -q %s"
+                elif
+                    command -v md5sum > /dev/null
+                then
+                    local_cmd_sum="md5sum %s | awk '{print \$1}'"
+                fi
+            ;;
+            sha1)
+                if command -v sha1 > /dev/null
+                then
+                    local_cmd_sum="sha1 -q %s"
+                elif
+                    command -v sha1sum > /dev/null
+                then
+                    local_cmd_sum="sha1sum %s | awk '{print \$1}'"
+                fi
+            ;;
+            sha256)
+                if command -v sha256 > /dev/null
+                then
+                    local_cmd_sum="sha256 -q %s"
+                elif
+                    command -v sha256sum > /dev/null
+                then
+                    local_cmd_sum="sha256sum %s | awk '{print \$1}'"
+                fi
+            ;;
+            *)
+                # we arrive here only if --sum is given with unknown format prefix
+                echo "unknown hash format: $sum_hash" >&2
+                exit 1
+            ;;
+        esac
+
+        if [ -z "$local_cmd_sum" ]
+        then
+            echo 'local checksum verification failed, no usable utility' >&2
+            exit 1
+        fi
+    fi
+
+    # shellcheck disable=SC2059
+    echo "sum_is=\"\$( $( printf "$local_cmd_sum" "\"\$download_tmp\"" ) )\""
+
+    echo "if [ \"\$sum_is\" != '$sum_should' ]; then"
+
+    echo "echo 'local download checksum mismatch' >&2"
+
+    echo "rm -f \"\$download_tmp\""
+
+    echo 'exit 1; fi'
+fi
 
 if echo "$__target_host" | grep -Eq '^[0-9a-fA-F:]+$'
 then
@@ -47,12 +146,10 @@ else
     target_host="$__target_host"
 fi
 
-printf '%s %s %s:%s\n' \
+# shellcheck disable=SC2016
+printf '%s "$download_tmp" %s:%s\n' \
     "$__remote_copy" \
-    "$tmp" \
     "$target_host" \
     "$dst"
 
-echo "rm -f '$tmp'"
+echo "rm -f \"\$download_tmp\""
-
-echo 'downloaded' > "$__messages_out"

cdist/conf/type/__download/gencode-remote

@@ -6,17 +6,51 @@ state_is="$( cat "$__object/explorer/state" )"
 
 if [ "$download" = 'remote' ] && [ "$state_is" != 'present' ]
 then
-    cmd="$( cat "$__object/explorer/remote_cmd" )"
+    cmd_get="$( cat "$__object/explorer/remote_cmd_get" )"
 
     url="$( cat "$__object/parameter/url" )"
 
+    if [ -f "$__object/parameter/destination" ]
+    then
+        dst="$( cat "$__object/parameter/destination" )"
+    else
         dst="/$__object_id"
+    fi
 
-    printf "$cmd > %s\n" \
+    echo "download_tmp=\"\$( mktemp )\""
-        "$url" \
-        "$dst"
 
-    echo 'downloaded' > "$__messages_out"
+    # shellcheck disable=SC2059
+    printf "$cmd_get > \"\$download_tmp\"\n" "$url"
+
+    if [ -f "$__object/parameter/sum" ]
+    then
+        sum_should="$( cat "$__object/parameter/sum" )"
+
+        if [ -f "$__object/parameter/cmd-sum" ]
+        then
+            remote_cmd_sum="$( cat "$__object/parameter/cmd-sum" )"
+        else
+            remote_cmd_sum="$( cat "$__object/explorer/remote_cmd_sum" )"
+
+            if echo "$sum_should" | grep -Fq ':'
+            then
+                sum_should="$( echo "$sum_should" | cut -d : -f 2 )"
+            fi
+        fi
+
+        # shellcheck disable=SC2059
+        echo "sum_is=\"\$( $( printf "$remote_cmd_sum" "\"\$download_tmp\"" ) )\""
+
+        echo "if [ \"\$sum_is\" != '$sum_should' ]; then"
+
+        echo "echo 'remote download checksum mismatch' >&2"
+
+        echo "rm -f \"\$download_tmp\""
+
+        echo 'exit 1; fi'
+    fi
+
+    echo "mv \"\$download_tmp\" '$dst'"
 fi
 
 if [ -f "$__object/parameter/onchange" ] && [ "$state_is" != "present" ]

cdist/conf/type/__download/man.rst

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ cdist-type__download - Download a file
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-By default type will try to use ``wget``, ``curl`` or ``fetch``.
+By default type will try to use ``curl``, ``fetch`` or ``wget``.
 If download happens in target (see ``--download``) then type will
 fallback to (and install) ``wget``.
 
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@ If download happens in local machine, then environment variables like
 ``{http,https,ftp}_proxy`` etc can be used on cdist execution
 (``http_proxy=foo cdist config ...``).
 
+To change downloaded file's owner, group or permissions, use ``require='__download/path/to/file' __file ...``.
+
 
 REQUIRED PARAMETERS
 -------------------
@@ -25,14 +27,29 @@ url
 
 OPTIONAL PARAMETERS
 -------------------
+destination
+   Downloaded file's destination in target. If unset, ``$__object_id`` is used.
+
 sum
-   Checksum is used to decide if existing destination file must be redownloaded.
+   Supported formats: ``cksum`` output without file name, MD5, SHA1 and SHA256.
-   By default output of ``cksum`` without filename is expected.
+
-   Other hash formats supported with prefixes: ``md5:``, ``sha1:`` and ``sha256:``.
+   Type tries to detect hash format with regexes, but prefixes
+   ``cksum:``, ``md5:``, ``sha1:`` and ``sha256:`` are also supported.
+
+   Checksum have two purposes - state check and post-download verification.
+   In state check, if destination checksum mismatches, then content of URL
+   will be downloaded to temporary file. If downloaded temporary file's
+   checksum matches, then it will be moved to destination (overwritten).
+
+   For local downloads it is expected that usable utilities for checksum
+   calculation exist in the system.
 
 download
-   If ``local`` (default), then download file to local storage and copy
+   If ``local`` (default), then file is downloaded to local storage and copied
-   it to target host. If ``remote``, then download happens in target.
+   to target host. If ``remote``, then download happens in target.
+
+   For local downloads it is expected that usable utilities for downloading
+   exist in the system. Type will try to use ``curl``, ``fetch`` or ``wget``.
 
 cmd-get
    Command used for downloading.
@@ -62,7 +79,7 @@ EXAMPLES
     require='__directory/opt/cpma' \
         __download /opt/cpma/cnq3.zip \
             --url https://cdn.playmorepromode.com/files/cnq3/cnq3-1.51.zip \
-            --sum md5:46da3021ca9eace277115ec9106c5b46
+            --sum 46da3021ca9eace277115ec9106c5b46
 
     require='__download/opt/cpma/cnq3.zip' \
         __unpack /opt/cpma/cnq3.zip \

cdist/conf/type/__download/manifest

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh -e
 
-if grep -Eq '^wget' "$__object/explorer/remote_cmd"
+if grep -Eq '^wget' "$__object/explorer/remote_cmd_get"
 then
     __package wget
 fi

cdist/conf/type/__download/parameter/optional

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-sum
 cmd-get
 cmd-sum
+destination
 download
 onchange
+sum

cdist/conf/type/__file/gencode-local

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/sh -e
 #
 # 2011-2012 Nico Schottelius (nico-cdist at schottelius.org)
-# 2013 Steven Armstrong (steven-cdist armstrong.cc)
+# 2013-2022 Steven Armstrong (steven-cdist armstrong.cc)
 #
 # This file is part of cdist.
 #
@@ -72,6 +72,7 @@ if [ "$state_should" = "present" ] || [ "$state_should" = "exists" ]; then
          if [ "$type" != "file" ]; then
             # destination is not a regular file, upload source to replace it
             upload_file=1
+            echo upload >> "$__messages_out"
          else
             local_cksum="$(cksum < "$source")"
             remote_cksum="$(cat "$__object/explorer/cksum")"
@@ -88,13 +89,30 @@ if [ "$state_should" = "present" ] || [ "$state_should" = "exists" ]; then
       mkdir "$__object/files"
       touch "$__object/files/set-attributes"
 
+      if [ "$create_file" ]; then
+         # When creating an empty file we create it locally and then
+         # upload it so that permissions can be set before moving the file
+         # into place.
+         source="$__object/files/empty"
+         touch "$source"
+      fi
+
       # upload file to temp location
-      tempfile_template="${destination}.cdist.XXXXXXXXXX"
+      upload_destination="${destination}.cdist.${__cdist_object_marker}.$$"
-      cat << DONE
+      # Yes, we are aware that this is a race condition.
-destination_upload="\$($__remote_exec $__target_host "mktemp $tempfile_template")"
+      # However:
-DONE
+      # a) cdist usually writes to directories that are not user writable
-      if [ "$upload_file" ]; then
+      #    (probably > 99.9%)
-         echo upload >> "$__messages_out"
+      # b) if they are user owned, the user / attacker always wins
+      #    (probably < 0.1%)
+      # c) the only case which we could improve are tmp directories and we
+      #    don't think managing tmp directories with cdist is a typical case
+      #    ("the rest %)"
+
+      # Tell gencode-remote to where we uploaded the file so it can move
+      # it to its final destination.
+      echo "$upload_destination" > "$__object/files/upload-destination"
+
       # IPv6 fix
       if echo "${__target_host}" | grep -q -E '^[0-9a-fA-F:]+$'
       then
@@ -103,12 +121,7 @@ DONE
           my_target_host="${__target_host}"
       fi
       cat << DONE
-$__remote_copy "$source" "${my_target_host}:\$destination_upload"
+$__remote_copy "$source" "${my_target_host}:${upload_destination}"
-DONE
-      fi
-# move uploaded file into place
-cat << DONE
-$__remote_exec $__target_host "rm -rf \"$destination\"; mv \"\$destination_upload\" \"$destination\""
 DONE
    fi
 fi

cdist/conf/type/__file/gencode-remote

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/sh -e
 #
 # 2011-2013 Nico Schottelius (nico-cdist at schottelius.org)
-# 2013 Steven Armstrong (steven-cdist armstrong.cc)
+# 2013-2022 Steven Armstrong (steven-cdist armstrong.cc)
 #
 # This file is part of cdist.
 #
@@ -62,6 +62,13 @@ set_mode() {
 
 case "$state_should" in
     present|exists)
+        if [ -f "$__object/files/upload-destination" ]; then
+            final_destination="$destination"
+            # We change the 'global' $destination variable here so we can
+            # change attributes of the new/uploaded file before moving it
+            # to it's final destination.
+            destination="$(cat "$__object/files/upload-destination")"
+        fi
         # Note: Mode - needs to happen last as a chown/chgrp can alter mode by
         #  clearing S_ISUID and S_ISGID bits (see chown(2))
         for attribute in group owner mode; do
@@ -81,6 +88,11 @@ case "$state_should" in
                 fi
             fi
         done
+        if [ -f "$__object/files/upload-destination" ]; then
+            # move uploaded file into place
+            printf 'rm -rf "%s"\n' "$final_destination"
+            printf 'mv "%s" "%s"\n' "$destination" "$final_destination"
+        fi
         if [ -f "$__object/files/set-attributes" ]; then
             # set-attributes is created if file is created or uploaded in gencode-local
             fire_onchange=1

cdist/conf/type/__filesystem/explorer/lsblk

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ else
 fi
 
 case "$os" in
-    alpine|centos|fedora|redhat|suse|gentoo)
+    alpine|centos|fedora|gentoo|redhat|suse|ubuntu)
         if [ ! -x "$(command -v lsblk)" ]; then
             echo "lsblk is required for __filesystem type" >&2
             exit 1

cdist/conf/type/__git/explorer/group

@@ -14,6 +14,11 @@ then
 	then
 		printf '%u\n' "${group_gid}"
 	else
-		printf '%s\n' "$(id -u -n "${group_gid}")"
+		if command -v getent > /dev/null
+		then
+			getent group "${group_gid}" | cut -d : -f 1
+		else
+			awk -F: -v gid="${group_gid}" '$3 == gid { print $1 }' /etc/group
+		fi
 	fi
 fi

cdist/conf/type/__grafana_dashboard/manifest

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ case $os in
                 # Differntation not needed anymore
                 apt_source_distribution=stable
                 ;;
-            10*)
+            10*|11*)
                 # Differntation not needed anymore
                 apt_source_distribution=stable
                 ;;

cdist/conf/type/__haproxy_dualstack/files/http

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+frontend http
+	bind	BIND@:80
+	mode	http
+	option	httplog
+	default_backend	http
+
+backend http
+	mode	http

cdist/conf/type/__haproxy_dualstack/files/https

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+frontend https
+	bind	BIND@:443
+	mode	tcp
+	option	tcplog
+	tcp-request	inspect-delay 5s
+	tcp-request	content accept if { req_ssl_hello_type 1 }
+	default_backend	https
+
+backend https
+	mode	tcp

cdist/conf/type/__haproxy_dualstack/files/imaps

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+frontend imaps
+	bind	BIND@:143
+	bind	BIND@:993
+
+	mode	tcp
+	option	tcplog
+	tcp-request	inspect-delay 5s
+	tcp-request	content accept if { req_ssl_hello_type 1 }
+	default_backend	imaps
+
+backend imaps
+	mode	tcp

cdist/conf/type/__haproxy_dualstack/files/smtps

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+frontend smtps
+	bind	BIND@:25
+	bind	BIND@:465
+
+	mode	tcp
+	option	tcplog
+	tcp-request	inspect-delay 5s
+	tcp-request	content accept if { req_ssl_hello_type 1 }
+	default_backend	smtps
+
+backend smtps
+	mode	tcp

cdist/conf/type/__haproxy_dualstack/man.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+cdist-type__haproxy_dualstack(7)
+================================
+
+
+NAME
+----
+cdist-type__haproxy_dualstack - Proxy services from a dual-stack server
+
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+This (singleton) type installs and configures haproxy to act as a dual-stack
+proxy for single-stack services.
+
+This can be useful to add IPv4 support to IPv6-only services while only using
+one IPv4 for many such services.
+
+By default this type uses the plain TCP proxy mode, which means that there is no
+need for TLS termination on this host when SNI is supported.
+This also means that proxied services will not receive the client's IP address,
+but will see the proxy's IP address instead (that of `$__target_host`).
+
+This can be solved by using the PROXY protocol, but do take into account that,
+e.g. nginx cannot serve both regular HTTP(S) and PROXY protocols on the same
+port, so you will need to use other ports for that.
+
+As a recommendation in this type: use TCP ports 8080 and 591 respectively to
+serve HTTP and HTTPS using the PROXY protocol.
+
+See the EXAMPLES for more details.
+
+
+OPTIONAL PARAMETERS
+-------------------
+v4proxy
+    Proxy incoming IPv4 connections to the equivalent IPv6 endpoint.
+    In its simplest use, it must be a NAME with an `AAAA` DNS entry, which is
+    the IP address actually providing the proxied services.
+    The full format of this argument is:
+    `[proxy:]NAME[[:PROTOCOL_1=PORT_1]...[:PROTOCOL_N=PORT_N]]`
+    Where starting with `proxy:` determines that the PROXY protocol must be
+    used and each `:PROTOCOL=PORT` (e.g. `:http=8080` or `:https=591`) is a PORT
+    override for the given PROTOCOL (see `--protocol`), if not present the
+    PROTOCOL's default port will be used.
+
+
+v6proxy
+    Proxy incoming IPv6 connections to the equivalent IPv4 endpoint.
+    In its simplest use, it must be a NAME with an `A` DNS entry, which is
+    the IP address actually providing the proxied services.
+    See `--v4proxy` for more options and details.
+
+protocol
+    Can be passed multiple times or as a space-separated list of protocols.
+    Currently supported protocols are: `http`, `https`, `imaps`, `smtps`.
+    This defaults to: `http https imaps smtps`.
+
+
+EXAMPLES
+--------
+
+.. code-block:: sh
+
+    # Proxy the IPv6-only services so IPv4-only clients can access them
+    # This uses HAProxy's TCP mode for http, https, imaps and smtps
+    __haproxy_dualstack \
+        --v4proxy ipv6.chat \
+        --v4proxy matrix.ungleich.ch
+
+    # Proxy the IPv6-only HTTP(S) services so IPv4-only clients can access them
+    # Note this means that the backend IPv6-only server will only see
+    # the IPv6 address of the haproxy host managed by cdist, which can be
+    # troublesome if this information is relevant for analytics/security/...
+    # See the PROXY example below
+    __haproxy_dualstack \
+        --protocol http --protocol https \
+        --v4proxy ipv6.chat \
+        --v4proxy matrix.ungleich.ch
+
+    # Use the PROXY protocol to proxy the IPv6-only HTTP(S) services enabling
+    # IPv4-only clients to access them while maintaining the client's IP address
+    __haproxy_dualstack \
+        --protocol http --protocol https \
+        --v4proxy proxy:ipv6.chat:http=8080:https=591 \
+        --v4proxy proxy:matrix.ungleich.ch:http=8080:https=591
+    # Note however that the PROXY protocol is not compatible with regular
+    # HTTP(S) protocols, so your nginx will have to listen on different ports
+    # with the PROXY settings.
+    # Note that you will need to restrict access to the 8080 port to prevent
+    # Client IP spoofing.
+    # This can be something like:
+    # server {
+    #     # listen for regular HTTP connections
+    #     listen [::]:80 default_server;
+    #     listen 80 default_server;
+    #     # listen for PROXY HTTP connections
+    #     listen [::]:8080 proxy_protocol;
+    #     # Accept the Client's IP from the PROXY protocol
+    #     real_ip_header proxy_protocol;
+    # }
+
+
+SEE ALSO
+--------
+- https://www.haproxy.com/blog/enhanced-ssl-load-balancing-with-server-name-indication-sni-tls-extension/
+- https://www.haproxy.com/blog/haproxy/proxy-protocol/
+- https://docs.nginx.com/nginx/admin-guide/load-balancer/using-proxy-protocol/
+
+
+AUTHORS
+-------
+ungleich <foss--@--ungleich.ch>
+Evilham <cvs--@--evilham.com>
+
+
+COPYING
+-------
+Copyright \(C) 2021 ungleich glarus ag. You can redistribute it
+and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
+published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the
+License, or (at your option) any later version.

cdist/conf/type/__haproxy_dualstack/manifest

@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+#!/bin/sh -eu
+
+__package haproxy
+require="__package/haproxy" __start_on_boot haproxy
+
+tmpdir="$__object/files"
+mkdir "$tmpdir"
+configtmp="$__object/files/haproxy.cfg"
+
+os=$(cat "$__global/explorer/os")
+case $os in
+	freebsd)
+		CONFIG_FILE="/usr/local/etc/haproxy.conf"
+		cat <<EOF > "$configtmp"
+global
+	maxconn	4000
+	user	nobody
+	group	nogroup
+	daemon
+
+EOF
+
+		;;
+	*)
+		CONFIG_FILE="/etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg"
+		cat <<EOF > "$configtmp"
+global
+	log	[::1] local2
+	chroot	/var/lib/haproxy
+	pidfile	/var/run/haproxy.pid
+	maxconn	4000
+	user	haproxy
+	group	haproxy
+	daemon
+
+	# turn on stats unix socket
+	stats socket	/var/lib/haproxy/stats
+
+EOF
+		;;
+esac
+
+cat <<EOF >> "$configtmp"
+defaults
+	retries	3
+	log	global
+	timeout http-request	10s
+	timeout queue		1m
+	timeout connect		10s
+	timeout client		1m
+	timeout server		1m
+	timeout http-keep-alive	10s
+	timeout check		10s
+EOF
+
+dig_cmd="$(command -v dig || true)"
+get_ip() {
+	# Usage: get_ip (ipv4|ipv6) NAME
+	# uses "dig" if available, else fallback to "host"
+	case $1 in
+		ipv4)
+			if [ -n "${dig_cmd}" ]; then
+				${dig_cmd} +short A "$2"
+			else
+				host -t A "$2" | cut -d ' ' -f 4 | grep -v 'found:'
+			fi
+			;;
+		ipv6)
+			if [ -n "${dig_cmd}" ]; then
+				${dig_cmd} +short AAAA "$2"
+			else
+				host -t AAAA "$2" | cut -d ' ' -f 5 | grep -v 'NXDOMAIN'
+			fi
+			;;
+	esac
+}
+
+PROTOCOLS="$(cat "$__object/parameter/protocol")"
+
+for proxy in v4proxy v6proxy; do
+	param=$__object/parameter/$proxy
+	# no backend? skip generating code
+	if [ ! -f "$param" ]; then
+		continue
+	fi
+
+	# turn backend name into bind parameter: v4backend -> ipv4@
+	bind=$(echo $proxy | sed -e 's/^/ip/' -e 's/proxy//')
+
+	case $bind in
+		ipv4)
+			backendproto=ipv6
+			;;
+		ipv6)
+			backendproto=ipv4
+			;;
+	esac
+
+	for proto in ${PROTOCOLS}; do
+		# Add protocol "header"
+		printf "\n# %s %s \n" "${bind}" "${proto}" >> "$configtmp"
+
+		sed -e "s/BIND/$bind/" \
+			-e "s/\(frontend[[:space:]].*\)/\1$bind/" \
+			-e "s/\(backend[[:space:]].*\)/\\1$bind/" \
+			"$__type/files/$proto" >> "$configtmp"
+
+		while read -r hostdefinition; do
+			if echo "$hostdefinition" | grep -qE '^proxy:'; then
+				# Proxy protocol was requested
+				host="$(echo "$hostdefinition" | sed -E 's/^proxy:([^:]+).*$/\1/')"
+				send_proxy=" send-proxy"
+			else
+				# Just use tcp proxy mode
+				host="$hostdefinition"
+				send_proxy=""
+			fi
+			if echo "$hostdefinition" | grep -qE ":${proto}="; then
+				# Use custom port definition if requested
+				port="$(echo "$hostdefinition" | sed -E "s/^(.*:)?${proto}=([0-9]+).*$/:\2/")"
+			else
+				# Else use the default
+				port=""
+			fi
+			servername=$host
+
+			res=$(get_ip "$bind" "$servername")
+
+			if [ -z "$res" ]; then
+				echo "$servername does not resolve - aborting config" >&2
+				exit 1
+			fi
+
+			# Treat protocols without TLS+SNI specially
+			if [ "$proto" = http ]; then
+				echo "	use-server $servername if { hdr(host) -i $host }" >> "$configtmp"
+			else
+				echo "	use-server $servername if { req_ssl_sni -i $host }" >> "$configtmp"
+			fi
+
+			# Create the "server" itself.
+			# Note that port and send_proxy will be empty unless
+			# they were requested by the type user
+			echo "	server $servername ${backendproto}@${host}${port}${send_proxy}" >> "$configtmp"
+
+		done < "$param"
+	done
+done
+
+# Create config file
+require="__package/haproxy" __file ${CONFIG_FILE} --source "$configtmp" --mode 0644
+
+require="__file${CONFIG_FILE}" __check_messages "haproxy_reload" \
+	--pattern "^__file${CONFIG_FILE}" \
+	--execute "service haproxy reload || service haproxy restart"

cdist/conf/type/__haproxy_dualstack/parameter/default/protocol

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+http https imaps smtps

cdist/conf/type/__haproxy_dualstack/parameter/optional_multiple

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+protocol
+v4proxy
+v6proxy

cdist/conf/type/__letsencrypt_cert/explorer/certbot-path

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh -e
-
-command -v certbot 2>/dev/null || true

cdist/conf/type/__letsencrypt_cert/explorer/certificate-data

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+#!/bin/sh -e
+certbot_path="$(command -v certbot 2>/dev/null || true)"
+# Defaults
+certificate_exists="no"
+certificate_is_test="no"
+
+if [ -n "${certbot_path}" ]; then
+	# Find python executable that has access to certbot's module
+	python_path=$(sed -n '1s/^#! *//p' "${certbot_path}")
+
+	# Use a lock for cdist due to certbot not exiting with failure
+	# or having any flags for concurrent use.
+	_certbot() {
+		${python_path} - 2>/dev/null <<EOF
+from certbot.main import main
+import fcntl
+lock_file = "/tmp/certbot.cdist.lock"
+timeout=60
+with open(lock_file, 'w') as fd:
+    for i in range(timeout):
+        try:
+            # Get exclusive lock
+            fcntl.flock(fd, fcntl.LOCK_EX | fcntl.LOCK_NB)
+            break
+        except:
+            # Wait if that fails
+            import time
+            time.sleep(1)
+    else:
+        # Timed out, exit with failure
+        import sys
+        sys.exit(1)
+    # Do list certificates
+    main(["certificates", "--cert-name", "${__object_id:?}"])
+EOF
+	}
+
+
+	_certificate_exists() {
+		if grep -q "  Certificate Name: ${__object_id:?}$"; then
+			echo yes
+		else
+			echo no
+		fi
+	}
+
+	_certificate_is_test() {
+		if grep -q 'INVALID: TEST_CERT'; then
+			echo yes
+		else
+			echo no
+		fi
+	}
+
+	_certificate_domains() {
+		grep '    Domains: ' | cut -d ' ' -f 6- | tr ' ' '\n'
+	}
+
+	# Get data about all available certificates
+	certificates="$(_certbot)"
+
+	# Check whether or not the certificate exists
+	certificate_exists="$(echo "${certificates}" | _certificate_exists)"
+
+	# Check whether or not the certificate is for testing
+	certificate_is_test="$(echo "${certificates}" | _certificate_is_test)"
+
+	# Get domains for certificate
+	certificate_domains="$(echo "${certificates}" | _certificate_domains)"
+fi
+
+# Return received data
+cat <<EOF
+certbot_path:${certbot_path}
+certificate_exists:${certificate_exists}
+certificate_is_test:${certificate_is_test}
+${certificate_domains}
+EOF

cdist/conf/type/__letsencrypt_cert/explorer/certificate-domains

@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh -e
-
-certbot_path=$("${__type_explorer}/certbot-path")
-if [ -n "${certbot_path}" ]
-then
-	certbot certificates --cert-name "${__object_id:?}" | grep '    Domains: ' | \
-		cut -d ' ' -f 6- | tr ' ' '\n'
-fi

cdist/conf/type/__letsencrypt_cert/explorer/certificate-exists

@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh -e
-
-certbot_path=$("${__type_explorer}/certbot-path")
-if [ -n "${certbot_path}" ]
-then
-	if certbot certificates | grep -q "  Certificate Name: ${__object_id:?}$"; then
-		echo yes
-	else
-		echo no
-	fi
-else
-	echo no
-fi

cdist/conf/type/__letsencrypt_cert/explorer/certificate-is-test

@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh -e
-
-certbot_path=$("${__type_explorer}/certbot-path")
-if [ -n "${certbot_path}" ]
-then
-	if certbot certificates --cert-name "${__object_id:?}" | \
-		grep -q 'INVALID: TEST_CERT'; then
-		echo yes
-	else
-		echo no
-	fi
-else
-	echo no
-fi

cdist/conf/type/__letsencrypt_cert/gencode-remote

@@ -1,6 +1,10 @@
 #!/bin/sh -e
 
-certificate_exists=$(cat "${__object:?}/explorer/certificate-exists")
+_explorer_var() {
+	grep "^$1:" "${__object:?}/explorer/certificate-data" | cut -d ':' -f 2-
+}
+
+certificate_exists="$(_explorer_var certificate_exists)"
 name="${__object_id:?}"
 state=$(cat "${__object}/parameter/state")
 
@@ -29,8 +33,9 @@ case "${state}" in
 		fi
 
 		if [ "${certificate_exists}" = "yes" ]; then
-			existing_domains="${__object}/explorer/certificate-domains"
+			existing_domains=$(mktemp "${TMPDIR:-/tmp}/existing_domains.cdist.XXXXXXXXXX")
-			certificate_is_test=$(cat "${__object}/explorer/certificate-is-test")
+			tail -n +4 "${__object:?}/explorer/certificate-data" | grep -v '^$' > "${existing_domains}"
+			certificate_is_test="$(_explorer_var certificate_is_test)"
 
 			sort -uo "${requested_domains}" "${requested_domains}"
 			sort -uo "${existing_domains}" "${existing_domains}"

cdist/conf/type/__letsencrypt_cert/manifest

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
-certbot_fullpath="$(cat "${__object:?}/explorer/certbot-path")"
+certbot_fullpath="$(grep "^certbot_path:" "${__object:?}/explorer/certificate-data" | cut -d ':' -f 2-)"
 state=$(cat "${__object}/parameter/state")
 os="$(cat "${__global:?}/explorer/os")"
 
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ if [ -z "${certbot_fullpath}" ]; then
 					require="__apt_source/stretch-backports" __package_apt certbot \
 						--target-release stretch-backports
 				;;
-				10*)
+				10*|11*)
 					__package_apt certbot
 				;;
 

cdist/conf/type/__package_apt/gencode-remote

@@ -81,12 +81,24 @@ aptget="DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get --quiet --yes -o Dpkg::Options::=
 
 case "$state_should" in
     present)
+        # There are special arguments to apt(8) to prevent aborts if apt woudn't been
+        # updated after the 19th April 2021 till the bullseye release. The additional
+        # arguments acknoledge the happend suite change (the apt(8) update does the
+        # same by itself).
+        #
+        # Using '-o $config' instead of the --allow-releaseinfo-change-* parameter
+        # allows backward compatablility to pre-buster Debian versions.
+        #
+        # See more: ticket #861
+        # https://code.ungleich.ch/ungleich-public/cdist/-/issues/861
+        apt_opts="-o Acquire::AllowReleaseInfoChange::Suite=true -o Acquire::AllowReleaseInfoChange::Version=true"
+
         # following is bit ugly, but important hack.
         # due to how cdist config run works, there isn't
         # currently better way to do it :(
         cat << EOF
 if [ ! -f /var/cache/apt/pkgcache.bin ] || [ "\$( stat --format %Y /var/cache/apt/pkgcache.bin )" -lt "\$( date +%s -d '-1 day' )" ]
-then echo apt-get update > /dev/null 2>&1 || true
+then echo apt-get $apt_opts update > /dev/null 2>&1 || true
 fi
 EOF
         if [ -n "$version" ]; then

cdist/conf/type/__package_pkg_freebsd/gencode-remote

@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ assert ()                 #  If condition false,
 	then
 		echo "Assertion failed:  \"$1\""
 		# shellcheck disable=SC2039
+		# shellcheck disable=SC3044
 		echo "File \"$0\", line $lineno, called by $(caller 0)"
 		exit $E_ASSERT_FAILED
 	fi

cdist/conf/type/__package_update_index/gencode-remote

@@ -41,7 +41,19 @@ fi
 case "$type" in
     yum) ;;
     apt)
-        echo "apt-get --quiet update"
+        # There are special arguments to apt(8) to prevent aborts if apt woudn't been
+        # updated after the 19th April 2021 till the bullseye release. The additional
+        # arguments acknoledge the happend suite change (the apt(8) update does the
+        # same by itself).
+        #
+        # Using '-o $config' instead of the --allow-releaseinfo-change-* parameter
+        # allows backward compatablility to pre-buster Debian versions.
+        #
+        # See more: ticket #861
+        # https://code.ungleich.ch/ungleich-public/cdist/-/issues/861
+        apt_opts="-o Acquire::AllowReleaseInfoChange::Suite=true -o Acquire::AllowReleaseInfoChange::Version=true"
+
+        echo "apt-get --quiet $apt_opts update"
         echo "apt-cache updated (age was: $currage)" >> "$__messages_out"
         ;;
     pacman)

cdist/conf/type/__package_upgrade_all/gencode-remote

@@ -28,6 +28,10 @@ apt_clean="$__object/parameter/apt-clean"
 
 apt_dist_upgrade="$__object/parameter/apt-dist-upgrade"
 
+if [ -f "$__object/parameter/apt-with-new-pkgs" ]; then
+	apt_with_new_pkgs="--with-new-pkgs"
+fi
+
 if [ -f "$type" ]; then
     type="$(cat "$type")"
 else
@@ -54,7 +58,7 @@ case "$type" in
     apt)
         if [ -f "$apt_dist_upgrade" ]
         then echo "$aptget dist-upgrade"
-        else echo "$aptget upgrade"
+        else echo "$aptget $apt_with_new_pkgs upgrade"
         fi
 
         if [ -f "$apt_clean" ]

cdist/conf/type/__package_upgrade_all/man.rst

@@ -33,6 +33,14 @@ BOOLEAN PARAMETERS
 apt-dist-upgrade
     Do dist-upgrade instead of upgrade.
 
+apt-with-new-pkg
+    Allow installing new packages when used in conjunction with
+    upgrade. This is useful if the update of an installed package
+    requires new dependencies to be installed. Instead of holding the
+    package back upgrade will upgrade the package and install the new
+    dependencies. Note that upgrade with this option will never remove
+    packages, only allow adding new ones.
+
 apt-clean
     Clean out the local repository of retrieved package files.
 

cdist/conf/type/__package_upgrade_all/parameter/boolean

@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
 apt-clean
 apt-dist-upgrade
+apt-with-new-pkgs

cdist/conf/type/__postgres_conf/explorer/postgres_user

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+#!/bin/sh -e
+# -*- mode: sh; indent-tabs-mode: t -*-
+#
+# 2021 Dennis Camera (dennis.camera at ssrq-sds-fds.ch)
+#
+# This file is part of cdist.
+#
+# cdist is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# cdist is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with cdist. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+
+os=$("${__explorer:?}/os")
+
+case ${os}
+in
+	(alpine)
+		echo 'postgres'
+		;;
+	(centos|rhel|scientific)
+		echo 'postgres'
+		;;
+	(debian|devuan|ubuntu)
+		echo 'postgres'
+		;;
+	(freebsd)
+		test -x /usr/local/etc/rc.d/postgresql || {
+			printf 'could not find postgresql rc script./n' >&2
+			exit 1
+		}
+		pg_status=$(/usr/local/etc/rc.d/postgresql onestatus) || {
+			printf 'postgresql daemon is not running.\n' >&2
+			exit 1
+		}
+		pg_pid=$(printf '%s\n' "${pg_status}" \
+			| sed -n 's/^pg_ctl:.*(PID: *\([0-9]*\))$/\1/p')
+
+		# PostgreSQL < 9.6: pgsql
+		# PostgreSQL >= 9.6: postgres
+		ps -o user -p "${pg_pid}" | sed -n '2p'
+		;;
+	(netbsd)
+		echo 'pgsql'
+		;;
+	(openbsd)
+		echo '_postgresql'
+		;;
+	(suse)
+		echo 'postgres'
+		;;
+	(*)
+		echo "Unsupported OS: ${os}" >&2
+		exit 1
+		;;
+esac

cdist/conf/type/__postgres_conf/explorer/state

@@ -0,0 +1,223 @@
+#!/bin/sh -e
+# -*- mode: sh; indent-tabs-mode: t -*-
+#
+# 2021 Dennis Camera (dennis.camera at ssrq-sds-fds.ch)
+#
+# This file is part of cdist.
+#
+# cdist is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# cdist is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with cdist. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+
+postgres_user=$("${__type_explorer:?}/postgres_user")
+conf_name=${__object_id:?}
+
+tolower() { printf '%s' "$*" | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]'; }
+
+tobytes() {
+	# NOTE: This function treats everything as base 2.
+	#       It is not compatible with SI units.
+	awk 'BEGIN { FS = "\n" }
+	/TB$/ { $0 = ($0 * 1024) "GB" }
+	/GB$/ { $0 = ($0 * 1024) "MB" }
+	/MB$/ { $0 = ($0 * 1024) "kB" }
+	/kB$/ { $0 = ($0 * 1024) "B" }
+	 /B?$/ { sub(/ *B?$/, "") }
+	($0*1) == $0  # is number
+	' <<-EOF
+	$1
+	EOF
+}
+
+tomillisecs() {
+	awk 'BEGIN { FS = "\n" }
+	    /d$/ { $0 = ($0 * 24) "h" }
+	    /h$/ { $0 = ($0 * 60) "min" }
+	  /min$/ { $0 = ($0 * 60) "s" }
+	/[^m]s$/ { $0 = ($0 * 1000) "ms" }
+	   /ms$/ { $0 *= 1 }
+	($0*1) == $0  # is number
+	' <<-EOF
+	$1
+	EOF
+}
+
+tobool() {
+	# prints either 'on' or 'off'
+	case $(tolower "$1")
+	in
+		(t|true|y|yes|on|1)
+			echo 'on' ;;
+		(f|false|n|no|off|0)
+			echo 'off' ;;
+		(*)
+			printf 'Inavlid bool value: %s\n' "$2" >&2
+			return 1
+			;;
+	esac
+	return 0
+}
+
+quote() { printf '%s\n' "$*" | sed "s/'/'\\\\''/g;1s/^/'/;\$s/\$/'/"; }
+psql_exec() {
+	su - "${postgres_user}" -c "psql postgres -twAc $(quote "$*")"
+}
+
+psql_conf_source() {
+	# NOTE: SHOW/SET are case-insentitive, so this command should also be.
+	psql_exec "SELECT CASE WHEN source = 'default' OR setting = boot_val THEN 'default' ELSE source END FROM pg_settings WHERE lower(name) = lower('$1')"
+}
+psql_conf_cmp() (
+	IFS='|' read -r lower_name vartype setting unit <<-EOF
+	$(psql_exec "SELECT lower(name), vartype, setting, unit FROM pg_settings WHERE lower(name) = lower('$1')")
+	EOF
+
+	should_value=$2
+	is_value=${setting}
+
+	# The following case contains special cases for special settings.
+	case ${lower_name}
+	in
+		(archive_command)
+			if test "${setting}" = '(disabled)'
+			then
+				# DAFUQ PostgreSQL?!
+				# PostgreSQL returns (disabled) if the feature is inactive.
+				# We cannot compare the values unless it is enabled, first.
+				return 0
+			fi
+			;;
+		(archive_mode|backslash_quote|constraint_exclusion|force_parallel_mode|huge_pages|synchronous_commit)
+			# Although only 'on', 'off' are documented, PostgreSQL accepts all
+			# the "likely" variants of "on" and "off".
+			case $(tolower "${should_value}")
+			in
+				(on|off|true|false|yes|no|1|0)
+					should_value=$(tobool "${should_value}")
+					;;
+			esac
+			;;
+	esac
+
+	case ${vartype}
+	in
+		(bool)
+			test -z "${unit}" || {
+				# please fix the explorer if this error occurs.
+				printf 'units are not supported for vartype: %s\n' "${vartype}" >&2
+				exit 1
+			}
+
+			should_value=$(tobool "${should_value}")
+
+			test "${is_value}" = "${should_value}"
+			;;
+		(enum)
+			test -z "${unit}" || {
+				# please fix the explorer if this error occurs.
+				printf 'units are not supported with vartype: %s\n' "${vartype}" >&2
+				exit 1
+			}
+
+			# NOTE: All enums that are currently defined are lower case, but
+			#       PostgreSQL also accepts upper case spelling.
+			should_value=$(tolower "$2")
+
+			test "${is_value}" = "${should_value}"
+			;;
+		(integer)
+			# split multiples from unit, first (e.g. 8kB -> 8, kB)
+			case ${unit}
+			in
+				([0-9]*)
+					multiple=${unit%%[!0-9]*}
+					unit=${unit##*[0-9 ]}
+					;;
+				(*) multiple=1 ;;
+			esac
+
+			is_value=$((setting * multiple))${unit}
+
+			if expr "${should_value}" : '-\{0,1\}[0-9]*$' >/dev/null
+			then
+				# default unit
+				should_value=$((should_value * multiple))${unit}
+			fi
+
+			# then, do conversion
+			# NOTE: these conversions work for integers only!
+			case ${unit}
+			in
+				(B|[kMGT]B)
+					# bytes
+					is_bytes=$(tobytes "${is_value}")
+					should_bytes=$(tobytes "${should_value}")
+
+					test $((is_bytes)) -eq $((should_bytes))
+					;;
+				(ms|s|min|h|d)
+					# seconds
+					is_ms=$(tomillisecs "${is_value}")
+					should_ms=$(tomillisecs "${should_value}")
+
+					test $((is_ms)) -eq $((should_ms))
+					;;
+				('')
+					# no unit
+					is_int=${is_value}
+					should_int=${should_value}
+
+					test $((is_int)) -eq $((should_int))
+					;;
+			esac
+			;;
+		(real|string)
+			# NOTE: reals could possibly have units, but currently there none.
+
+			test -z "${unit}" || {
+				# please fix the explorer if this error occurs.
+				printf 'units are not supported with vartype: %s\n' "${vartype}" >&2
+				exit 1
+			}
+
+			test "${is_value}" = "${should_value}"
+			;;
+	esac
+)
+
+psql_exec 'SELECT 1' >/dev/null || {
+	echo 'Connection to PostgreSQL server failed' >&2
+	exit 1
+}
+
+case $(psql_conf_source "${conf_name}")
+in
+	('')
+		printf 'Invalid configuration parameter: %s\n' "${conf_name}" >&2
+		exit 1
+		;;
+	(default)
+		echo absent
+		;;
+	(*)
+		if ! test -f "${__object:?}/parameter/value"
+		then
+			echo present
+		elif psql_conf_cmp "${conf_name}" "$(cat "${__object:?}/parameter/value")"
+		then
+			echo present
+		else
+			echo different
+		fi
+		;;
+esac

cdist/conf/type/__postgres_conf/gencode-remote

@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+#!/bin/sh -e
+# -*- mode: sh; indent-tabs-mode: t -*-
+#
+# 2019-2021 Dennis Camera (dennis.camera at ssrq-sds-fds.ch)
+# 2020 Beni Ruef (bernhard.ruef at ssrq-sds-fds.ch)
+#
+# This file is part of cdist.
+#
+# cdist is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# cdist is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with cdist. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+
+state_is=$(cat "${__object:?}/explorer/state")
+state_should=$(cat "${__object:?}/parameter/state")
+postgres_user=$(cat "${__object:?}/explorer/postgres_user")
+
+conf_name=${__object_id:?}
+
+if test "${state_is}" = "${state_should}"
+then
+	exit 0
+fi
+
+quote() {
+	for _arg
+	do
+		shift
+		if test -n "$(printf '%s' "${_arg}" | tr -d -c '\t\n \042-\047\050-\052\073-\077\133\\`|~' | tr -c '' '.')"
+		then
+			# needs quoting
+			set -- "$@" "'$(printf '%s' "${_arg}" | sed -e "s/'/'\\\\''/g")'"
+		else
+			set -- "$@" "${_arg}"
+		fi
+	done
+	unset _arg
+
+	# NOTE: Use printf because POSIX echo interprets escape sequences
+	printf '%s' "$*"
+}
+
+
+psql_cmd() {
+	printf 'su - %s -c %s\n' "$(quote "${postgres_user}")" "$(quote "$(quote psql "$@")")"
+}
+
+case ${state_should}
+in
+	(present)
+		test -n "${__object:?}/parameter/value" || {
+			echo 'Missing required parameter --value' >&2
+			exit 1
+		}
+
+		cat <<-EOF
+		exec 3< "\${__object:?}/parameter/value"
+		$(psql_cmd postgres -tAwq -o /dev/null -v ON_ERROR_STOP=on) <<'SQL'
+		\\set conf_value \`cat <&3\`
+		ALTER SYSTEM SET ${conf_name} = :'conf_value';
+		SELECT pg_reload_conf();
+		SQL
+		exec 3<&-
+		EOF
+		;;
+	(absent)
+		psql_cmd postgres -qwc "ALTER SYSTEM SET ${conf_name} TO DEFAULT"
+		;;
+	(*)
+		printf 'Invalid --state: %s\n' "${state_should}" >&2
+		printf 'Only "present" and "absent" are acceptable.\n' >&2
+		exit 1
+		;;
+esac
+
+# Restart PostgreSQL server if required to apply new configuration value
+cat <<EOF
+
+if test 't' = "\$($(psql_cmd postgres -twAc "SELECT pending_restart FROM pg_settings WHERE lower(name) = lower('${conf_name}')"))"
+then
+	$(
+		init=$(cat "${__global:?}/explorer/init")
+		case ${init}
+		in
+			(systemd)
+				echo 'systemctl restart postgresql.service'
+				;;
+			(*openrc*)
+				echo 'rc-service postgresql restart'
+				;;
+			(sysvinit)
+				echo '/etc/init.d/postgresql restart'
+				;;
+			(init)
+				case $(cat "${__global:?}/explorer/kernel_name")
+				in
+					(FreeBSD)
+						echo '/usr/local/etc/rc.d/postgresql restart'
+						;;
+					(OpenBSD|NetBSD)
+						echo '/etc/rc.d/postgresql restart'
+						;;
+					(*)
+						echo "Unsupported operating system. Don't know how to restart services." >&2
+						exit 1
+				esac
+				;;
+			(*)
+				printf "Don't know how to restart services with your init (%s)\n" "${init}" >&2
+				exit 1
+		esac
+	)
+fi
+EOF

cdist/conf/type/__postgres_conf/man.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+cdist-type__postgres_conf(7)
+============================
+
+NAME
+----
+cdist-type__postgres_conf - Alter PostgreSQL configuration
+
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+Configure a running PostgreSQL server using ``ALTER SYSTEM``.
+
+
+REQUIRED PARAMETERS
+-------------------
+value
+   The value to set (can be omitted if ``--state`` is set to ``absent``).
+
+
+OPTIONAL PARAMETERS
+-------------------
+state
+   ``present`` or ``absent``.
+   Defaults to ``present``.
+
+
+BOOLEAN PARAMETERS
+------------------
+None.
+
+
+EXAMPLES
+--------
+
+.. code-block:: sh
+
+   # set timezone
+   __postgres_conf timezone --value Europe/Zurich
+
+   # reset maximum number of concurrent connections to default (normally 100)
+   __postgres_conf max_connections --state absent
+
+
+SEE ALSO
+--------
+None.
+
+
+AUTHORS
+-------
+Beni Ruef (bernhard.ruef--@--ssrq-sds-fds.ch)
+Dennis Camera (dennis.camera--@--ssrq-sds-fds.ch)
+
+
+COPYING
+-------
+Copyright \(C) 2019-2021 SSRQ (www.ssrq-sds-fds.ch).
+You can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General
+Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of
+the License, or (at your option) any later version.

cdist/conf/type/__postgres_conf/parameter/default/state

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+present

cdist/conf/type/__postgres_conf/parameter/optional

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+state
+value

cdist/conf/type/__postgres_database/explorer/postgres_user

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../../__postgres_conf/explorer/postgres_user

cdist/conf/type/__postgres_database/explorer/state

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #
 # 2011 Steven Armstrong (steven-cdist at armstrong.cc)
+# 2021 Dennis Camera (dennis.camera at ssrq-sds-fds.ch)
 #
 # This file is part of cdist.
 #
@@ -18,23 +19,16 @@
 # along with cdist. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #
 
-case "$("${__explorer}/os")"
+postgres_user=$("${__type_explorer:?}/postgres_user")
-in
-    netbsd)
-        postgres_user='pgsql'
-        ;;
-    openbsd)
-        postgres_user='_postgresql'
-        ;;
-    *)
-        postgres_user='postgres'
-        ;;
-esac
 
+dbname=${__object_id:?}
 
-name="$__object_id"
+quote() { printf '%s\n' "$*" | sed "s/'/'\\\\''/g;1s/^/'/;\$s/\$/'/"; }
+psql_exec() {
+	su - "${postgres_user}" -c "psql $(quote "$1") -twAc $(quote "$2")"
+}
 
-if test -n "$(su - "$postgres_user" -c "psql postgres -twAc \"SELECT 1 FROM pg_database WHERE datname='$name'\"")"
+if psql_exec postgres "SELECT datname FROM pg_database" | grep -qFx "${dbname}"
 then
 	echo 'present'
 else

cdist/conf/type/__postgres_database/gencode-remote

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/sh -e
 #
 # 2011 Steven Armstrong (steven-cdist at armstrong.cc)
+# 2021 Dennis Camera (dennis.camera at ssrq-sds-fds.ch)
 #
 # This file is part of cdist.
 #
@@ -18,60 +19,63 @@
 # along with cdist. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #
 
-case "$(cat "${__global}/explorer/os")"
+quote() {
+	for _arg
+	do
+		shift
+		if test -n "$(printf '%s' "${_arg}" | tr -d -c '\t\n \042-\047\050-\052\073-\077\133\\`|~' | tr -c '' '.')"
+		then
+			# needs quoting
+			set -- "$@" "'$(printf '%s' "${_arg}" | sed -e "s/'/'\\\\''/g")'"
+		else
+			set -- "$@" "${_arg}"
+		fi
+	done
+	unset _arg
+
+	# NOTE: Use printf because POSIX echo interprets escape sequences
+	printf '%s' "$*"
+}
+
+postgres_user=$(cat "${__object:?}/explorer/postgres_user")
+
+dbname=${__object_id:?}
+state_should=$(cat "${__object:?}/parameter/state")
+state_is=$(cat "${__object:?}/explorer/state")
+
+if test "${state_should}" = "$state_is"
+then
+	exit 0
+fi
+
+case ${state_should}
 in
-   netbsd)
+	(present)
-      postgres_user='pgsql'
+		set --
+
+		while read -r param_name opt
+		do
+			if test -f "${__object:?}/parameter/${param_name}"
+			then
+				set -- "$@" "${opt}" "$(cat "${__object:?}/parameter/${param_name}")"
+			fi
+		done <<-'EOF'
+		owner -O
+		template --template
+		encoding --encoding
+		lc_collate --lc-collate
+		lc_ctype --lc-ctype
+		EOF
+
+		set -- "$@" "${dbname}"
+
+		cat <<-EOF
+		su - $(quote "${postgres_user}") -c $(quote "$(quote createdb "$@")")
+		EOF
 		;;
-   openbsd)
+	(absent)
-      postgres_user='_postgresql'
+		cat <<-EOF
-      ;;
+		su - $(quote "${postgres_user}") -c $(quote "$(quote dropdb "${dbname}")")
-   *)
+		EOF
-      postgres_user='postgres'
 		;;
 esac
-
-
-name="$__object_id"
-state_should="$(cat "$__object/parameter/state")"
-state_is="$(cat "$__object/explorer/state")"
-
-if [ "$state_should" != "$state_is" ]; then
-   case "$state_should" in
-      present)
-         owner=""
-         if [ -f "$__object/parameter/owner" ]; then
-            owner="-O \"$(cat "$__object/parameter/owner")\""
-         fi
-
-         template=""
-         if [ -f "$__object/parameter/template" ]; then
-            template="--template \"$(cat "$__object/parameter/template")\""
-         fi
-
-         encoding=""
-         if [ -f "$__object/parameter/encoding" ]; then
-            encoding="--encoding \"$(cat "$__object/parameter/encoding")\""
-         fi
-
-         lc_collate=""
-         if [ -f "$__object/parameter/lc-collate" ]; then
-            lc_collate="--lc-collate \"$(cat "$__object/parameter/lc-collate")\""
-         fi
-
-         lc_ctype=""
-         if [ -f "$__object/parameter/lc-ctype" ]; then
-            lc_ctype="--lc-ctype \"$(cat "$__object/parameter/lc-ctype")\""
-         fi
-
-         cat << EOF
-su - '$postgres_user' -c "createdb $owner \"$name\" $template $encoding $lc_collate $lc_ctype"
-EOF
-      ;;
-      absent)
-         cat << EOF
-su - '$postgres_user' -c "dropdb \"$name\""
-EOF
-      ;;
-   esac
-fi

cdist/conf/type/__postgres_extension/explorer/postgres_user

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../../__postgres_conf/explorer/postgres_user

cdist/conf/type/__postgres_extension/explorer/state

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+#!/bin/sh -e
+# -*- mode: sh; indent-tabs-mode: t -*-
+#
+# 2021 Dennis Camera (dennis.camera at ssrq-sds-fds.ch)
+#
+# This file is part of cdist.
+#
+# cdist is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# cdist is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with cdist. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+#
+# Prints "present" if the extension is currently installed.
+# "absent" otherwise.
+
+quote() { printf '%s\n' "$*" | sed "s/'/'\\\\''/g;1s/^/'/;\$s/\$/'/"; }
+
+postgres_user=$("${__type_explorer:?}/postgres_user")
+
+IFS=: read -r dbname extname <<EOF
+${__object_id:?}
+EOF
+
+psql_exec() {
+	su - "${postgres_user}" -c "psql $(quote "$1") -twAc $(quote "$2")"
+}
+
+if psql_exec "${dbname}" 'SELECT extname FROM pg_extension' | grep -qFx "${extname}"
+then
+	echo present
+else
+	echo absent
+fi

cdist/conf/type/__postgres_extension/gencode-remote

@@ -2,9 +2,10 @@
 #
 # 2011 Steven Armstrong (steven-cdist at armstrong.cc)
 # 2013 Tomas Pospisek (tpo_deb at sourcepole.ch)
+# 2021 Dennis Camera (dennis.camera at ssrq-sds-fds.ch)
 #
 # This type was created by Tomas Pospisek based on the
-#__postgres_role type by Steven Armstrong
+# __postgres_role type by Steven Armstrong.
 #
 # This file is part of cdist.
 #
@@ -22,32 +23,38 @@
 # along with cdist. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #
 
-case "$(cat "${__global}/explorer/os")"
+postgres_user=$(cat "${__object:?}/explorer/postgres_user")
+
+quote() { printf '%s\n' "$*" | sed "s/'/'\\\\''/g;1s/^/'/;\$s/\$/'/"; }
+psql_cmd() {
+	printf 'su - %s -c %s\n' \
+		"$(quote "${postgres_user}")" \
+		"$(quote psql "$(quote "$1")" -c "$(quote "$2")")"
+}
+
+
+IFS=: read -r dbname extname <<EOF
+${__object_id:?}
+EOF
+
+state_is=$(cat "${__object:?}/explorer/state")
+state_should=$(cat "${__object:?}/parameter/state")
+
+if test "${state_is}" = "${state_should}"
+then
+	exit 0
+fi
+
+case ${state_should}
 in
-   netbsd)
+	(present)
-      postgres_user='pgsql'
+		psql_cmd "${dbname}" "CREATE EXTENSION ${extname}"
 		;;
-   openbsd)
+	(absent)
-      postgres_user='_postgresql'
+		psql_cmd "${dbname}" "DROP EXTENSION ${extname}"
 		;;
-   *)
+	(*)
-      postgres_user='postgres'
+		printf 'Invalid --state: %s\n' "${state_should}" >&2
-      ;;
+		exit 1
-esac
-
-
-dbname=$(    echo "$__object_id" | cut -d":" -f1 )
-extension=$( echo "$__object_id" | cut -d":" -f2 )
-
-state_should=$( cat "$__object/parameter/state" )
-
-case "$state_should" in
-    present)
-         cmd="CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS $extension"
-         echo "su - '$postgres_user' -c 'psql -c \"$cmd\" \"$dbname\"'"
-    ;;
-    absent)
-         cmd="DROP EXTENSION IF EXISTS $extension"
-         echo "su - '$postgres_user' -c 'psql -c \"$cmd\" \"$dbname\"'"
 		;;
 esac

cdist/conf/type/__postgres_extension/man.rst

@@ -3,32 +3,36 @@ cdist-type__postgres_extension(7)
 
 NAME
 ----
-cdist-type__postgres_extension - manage postgres extensions
+cdist-type__postgres_extension - Manage PostgreSQL extensions
 
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-This cdist type allows you to create or drop postgres extensions.
+This cdist type allows you to manage PostgreSQL extensions.
 
-The object you need to pass to __postgres_extension consists of
+The ``__object_id`` to pass to ``__postgres_extension`` is of the form
-the database name and the extension name joined by a colon in the
+``dbname:extension``, e.g.:
-following form:
-
-.. code-block:: sh
-
-    dbname:extension
-
-f.ex.
 
 .. code-block:: sh
 
     rails_test:unaccent
 
 
+**CAUTION!** Be careful when installing extensions from (untrusted) third-party
+sources:
+
+   | Installing an extension as superuser requires trusting that the extension's
+     author wrote the extension installation script in a secure fashion. It is
+     not terribly difficult for a malicious user to create trojan-horse objects
+     that will compromise later execution of a carelessly-written extension
+     script, allowing that user to acquire superuser privileges.
+   | – `<https://www.postgresql.org/docs/13/sql-createextension.html#id-1.9.3.64.7>`_
+
+
 OPTIONAL PARAMETERS
 -------------------
 state
-    either "present" or "absent", defaults to "present"
+    either ``present`` or ``absent``, defaults to ``present``.
 
 
 EXAMPLES
@@ -36,24 +40,29 @@ EXAMPLES
 
 .. code-block:: sh
 
+   # Install extension unaccent into database rails_test
    __postgres_extension rails_test:unaccent
-    __postgres_extension --present rails_test:unaccent
+
-    __postgres_extension --absent  rails_test:unaccent
+   # Drop extension unaccent from database fails_test
+   __postgres_extension rails_test:unaccent --state absent
 
 
 SEE ALSO
 --------
-:strong:`cdist-type__postgre_database`\ (7)
+- :strong:`cdist-type__postgres_database`\ (7)
+- PostgreSQL "CREATE EXTENSION" documentation at:
+  `<http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/sql-createextension.html>`_.
 
-Postgres "Create Extension" documentation at: <http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/sql-createextension.html>.
 
-AUTHOR
+AUTHORS
 -------
-Tomas Pospisek <tpo_deb--@--sourcepole.ch>
+| Tomas Pospisek <tpo_deb--@--sourcepole.ch>
+| Dennis Camera <dennis.camera--@--ssrq-sds-fds.ch>
+
 
 COPYING
 -------
-Copyright \(C) 2014 Tomas Pospisek. You can redistribute it
+Copyright \(C) 2014 Tomas Pospisek, 2021 Dennis Camera.
-and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
+You can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General
-published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the
+Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of
-License, or (at your option) any later version.
+the License, or (at your option) any later version.

cdist/conf/type/__postgres_role/explorer/postgres_user

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../../__postgres_conf/explorer/postgres_user

cdist/conf/type/__postgres_role/explorer/state

@@ -19,19 +19,7 @@
 # along with cdist. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #
 
-case $("${__explorer:?}/os")
+postgres_user=$("${__type_explorer:?}/postgres_user")
-in
-	(netbsd)
-		postgres_user='pgsql'
-		;;
-	(openbsd)
-		postgres_user='_postgresql'
-		;;
-	(*)
-		postgres_user='postgres'
-		;;
-esac
-
 rolename=${__object_id:?}
 
 
@@ -55,8 +43,7 @@ role_properties=$(
 	  BEGIN { RS = "\036"; FS = "\034" }
 	  /^\([0-9]+ rows?\)/ { exit }
 	  NR == 1 { for (i = 1; i <= NF; i++) cols[i] = $i; next }
-	  NR == 2 { for (i = 1; i <= NF; i++) printf "%s=%s\n", cols[i], $i }
+	  NR == 2 { for (i = 1; i <= NF; i++) printf "%s=%s\n", cols[i], $i }'
-	  '
 )
 
 if test -n "${role_properties}"
@@ -90,12 +77,10 @@ then
 	# Check password
 	passwd_stored=$(
 		psql_query "SELECT rolpassword FROM pg_authid WHERE rolname = '${rolename}'" \
-		| awk 'BEGIN { RS = "\036" } NR == 2'
+		| awk 'BEGIN { RS = "\036" } NR == 2 { printf "%s.", $0 }')
-		printf .
+	passwd_stored=${passwd_stored%.}
-	)
-	passwd_stored=${passwd_stored%?.}
 
-	if test -f "${__object:?}/parameter/password"
+	if test -s "${__object:?}/parameter/password"
 	then
 		passwd_should=$(cat "${__object:?}/parameter/password"; printf .)
 	fi

cdist/conf/type/__postgres_role/gencode-remote

@@ -28,20 +28,7 @@ quote() {
 	fi | sed "s/'/'\\\\''/g;1s/^/'/;\$s/\$/'/"
 }
 
-case $(cat "${__global:?}/explorer/os")
+postgres_user=$(cat "${__object:?}/explorer/postgres_user")
-in
-	(netbsd)
-		postgres_user='pgsql'
-		;;
-	(openbsd)
-		postgres_user='_postgresql'
-		;;
-	(*)
-		postgres_user='postgres'
-		;;
-esac
-
-
 rolename=${__object_id:?}
 state_is=$(cat "${__object:?}/explorer/state")
 state_should=$(cat "${__object:?}/parameter/state")
@@ -59,7 +46,7 @@ psql_query() {
 
 psql_set_password() {
 	# NOTE: Always make sure that the password does not end up in psql_history!
-	# NOTE: Never set an empty string as the password, because they can be
+	# NOTE: Never set an empty string as the password, because it can be
 	#       interpreted differently by different tooling.
 	if test -s "${__object:?}/parameter/password"
 	then

cdist/conf/type/__pyvenv/explorer/group

@@ -14,6 +14,11 @@ then
 	then
 		printf '%u\n' "${group_gid}"
 	else
-		printf '%s\n' "$(id -u -n "${group_gid}")"
+		if command -v getent >/dev/null 2>&1
+		then
+			getent group "${group_gid}" | cut -d : -f 1
+		else
+			awk -F: -v gid="${group_gid}" '$3 == gid { print $1 }' /etc/group
+		fi
 	fi
 fi